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tachtler:squid_centos_7

Inhaltsverzeichnis

squid CentOS 7

Squid ist ein „caching proxy“ welcher z.B. die Protokolle HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, uvm. unterstützt. Durch den Einsatz eines Proxy-Servers kann eine Reduzierung des Bandbreitenverbrauchs und der Ladezeiten von Internetseiten erreicht werden. Ein weiterer sehr wichtiger Punkt ist die Möglichkeit der Zugriffsbeschränkung und der Authentifizierung beim Zugriff auf das Internet aus dem lokalen Netzwerk.

:!: Hinweis - Die nachfolgenden Ausführungen erheben keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit, sondern stellt eine „Basiskonfiguration“ eines Squid als Proxy-Server dar!!!

Besonderheiten Version 3.3.8 Externer Link
Caching Dynamic Content http://wiki.squid-cache.org/ConfigExamples/DynamicContent

Ab hier werden zur Ausführung nachfolgender Befehle root-Rechte benötigt. Um der Benutzer root zu werden, melden Sie sich bitte als root-Benutzer am System an, oder wechseln mit nachfolgendem Befehl zum Benutzer root:

$ su -
Password:

Überblick

Im nachfolgenden soll die Konfiguration von Squid als Proxy-Server für ein privates Netzwerk durchgeführt werden. Nachfolgende Netze spielen dabei eine Rolle:

  • IDMZ - Domain: idmz.tachtler.net - IP-Adressbereich: 192.168.0.0/24
  • EDMZ - Domain: edmz.tachtler.net - IP-Adressbereich: 192.168.1.0/24
  • Intranet - Domain: intra.tachtler.net - IP-Adressbereich: 192.168.2.0/24

:!: HINWEIS - IPv6 soll NICHT genutzt werden!!!

Neben den vielen eindeutigen Vorteilen eines Cache-Proxy, gibt es jedoch auch gute Gründe, die gegen einen Cache-Proxy sprechen. In einigen Fällen kann es durchaus sinnvoll sein, auf eine Cache-Funktionalität zu verzichten.

Vorteile eines Cache-Proxy's:

  • Beschleunigung - Da die Antwortzeiten des Proxys aus dem eigenen Cache meist deutlich kürzer sind - abgesehen von Webservern im lokalen Netz, kann je nach Entfernung und Anbindung zum Webserver die Antwortzeit aus dem Cache um den Faktor 2 bis 100 schneller sein, als direkte Zugriffe.
  • Bandbreite - Durch die Datenhaltung im Cache werden viele Anfragen an den Zielserver überflüssig. Der Proxy liefert die Antwort aus dem Cache, anstatt sie über eine (externe) Verbindung zu holen.
  • Verfügbarkeit - Bei unsicheren Verbindungen oder schlechter Verfügbarkeit externer Webserver kann ein Proxyserver u.U. auch zu einer Erhöhung der Verfügbarkeit dieser Inhalte führen. Wurde ein Objekt einmal im Cache abgelegt, kann es bei Ausfall der Verbindung noch aus dem Cache geliefert werden.

Nachteile eines Cache-Proxy's:

  • Kosten eines Cache - Ein Cache braucht eine entsprechende Speicherkapazität, sowohl auf der Festplatte sowie auch im Hauptspeicher.
  • Verzögerungen durch einen Cache - Ein Cache spart Ladezeit. Nutzen Sie den Proxy nur für Webserver in einem lokalen Netz mit guter Bandbreite, kann dieser Effekt unter sehr ungünstigen Umständen sogar zu geringfügig längeren Antwortzeiten führen als bei einem direkten Zugriff.
  • Aktualität - Die Aktualität, kann ein starkes Argument gegen einen Cache sein. Teilweise kann es zur Auslieferung veralteter Objekte kommen. Ist eine laufende Aktualität aller Informationen ein zwingendes Argument, ist evtl. von einem Cache abzuraten.
  • Rechtliche Probleme - Je nach aktueller Rechtslage können Probleme in Bereichen wie Urheberrecht auftreten.

:!: HINWEIS - Bitte entscheiden Sie selbst, wie Sie den Squid-Proxy betreiben wollen, unter nachfolgenden internen Links werden beide Möglichkeiten beschrieben.

:!: HINWEIS - In den nachfolgenden Konfigurationen, soll der Cache deaktiviert bleiben.

Voraussetzungen

Als Voraussetzung für die Installation von Squid sind folgende Komponenten erforderlich:

Nachfolgende rpm-Pakete sind als Abhängigkeit erforderlich und werden ebenfalls benötigt:

  • libecap - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • libtool-ltdl - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-DBI - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-Data-Dumper - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-Digest - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-Digest-MD5 - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-IO-Compress - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-Net-Daemon - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • perl-PlRPC - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten

Installation

Zur Installation eines Squid als Proxy-Server wird nachfolgendes Paket benötigt:

  • squid - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten

installiert werden.

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl, wird das Pakete squid installiert:

# yum install squid
Loaded plugins: changelog, priorities
base                                                     | 3.6 kB     00:00     
epel                                                     | 4.4 kB     00:00     
extras                                                   | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates                                                  | 3.4 kB     00:00     
40 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package squid.x86_64 7:3.3.8-12.el7_0 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Digest::MD5) for package: 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libltdl.so.7()(64bit) for package: 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libecap.so.2()(64bit) for package: 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libecap.x86_64 0:0.2.0-8.el7 will be installed
---> Package libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-20.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Digest-MD5.x86_64 0:2.52-3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Digest::base) >= 1.00 for package: perl-Digest-MD5-2.52-3.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Digest.noarch 0:1.17-245.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Changes in packages about to be updated:


Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package                     Arch       Version               Repository   Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 squid                       x86_64     7:3.3.8-12.el7_0      updates     2.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
 libecap                     x86_64     0.2.0-8.el7           base         20 k
 libtool-ltdl                x86_64     2.4.2-20.el7          base         49 k
 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2     x86_64     2.061-3.el7           base         32 k
 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib      x86_64     1:2.061-4.el7         base         57 k
 perl-DBI                    x86_64     1.627-4.el7           base        802 k
 perl-Data-Dumper            x86_64     2.145-3.el7           base         47 k
 perl-Digest                 noarch     1.17-245.el7          base         23 k
 perl-Digest-MD5             x86_64     2.52-3.el7            base         30 k
 perl-IO-Compress            noarch     2.061-2.el7           base        260 k
 perl-Net-Daemon             noarch     0.48-5.el7            base         51 k
 perl-PlRPC                  noarch     0.2020-14.el7         base         36 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+11 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 3.9 M
Installed size: 12 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/12): libtool-ltdl-2.4.2-20.el7.x86_64.rpm               |  49 kB   00:00     
(2/12): libecap-0.2.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                     |  20 kB   00:00     
(3/12): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm     |  32 kB   00:00     
(4/12): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm      |  57 kB   00:00     
(5/12): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm                    | 802 kB   00:00     
(6/12): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm            |  47 kB   00:00     
(7/12): perl-Digest-MD5-2.52-3.el7.x86_64.rpm              |  30 kB   00:00     
(8/12): perl-Digest-1.17-245.el7.noarch.rpm                |  23 kB   00:00     
(9/12): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm            | 260 kB   00:00     
(10/12): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm             |  51 kB   00:00     
(11/12): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm               |  36 kB   00:00     
(12/12): squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64.rpm                   | 2.6 MB   00:00     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              4.6 MB/s | 3.9 MB  00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64                         1/12 
  Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch                           2/12 
  Installing : perl-Digest-1.17-245.el7.noarch                             3/12 
  Installing : perl-Digest-MD5-2.52-3.el7.x86_64                           4/12 
  Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64                 5/12 
  Installing : libtool-ltdl-2.4.2-20.el7.x86_64                            6/12 
  Installing : libecap-0.2.0-8.el7.x86_64                                  7/12 
  Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64                  8/12 
  Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch                         9/12 
  Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch                            10/12 
  Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64                                11/12 
  Installing : 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64                              12/12 
  Verifying  : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64                  1/12 
  Verifying  : 7:squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.x86_64                               2/12 
  Verifying  : libecap-0.2.0-8.el7.x86_64                                  3/12 
  Verifying  : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64                         4/12 
  Verifying  : perl-Digest-MD5-2.52-3.el7.x86_64                           5/12 
  Verifying  : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch                         6/12 
  Verifying  : libtool-ltdl-2.4.2-20.el7.x86_64                            7/12 
  Verifying  : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64                 8/12 
  Verifying  : perl-Digest-1.17-245.el7.noarch                             9/12 
  Verifying  : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64                                10/12 
  Verifying  : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch                          11/12 
  Verifying  : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch                            12/12 

Installed:
  squid.x86_64 7:3.3.8-12.el7_0                                                 

Dependency Installed:
  libecap.x86_64 0:0.2.0-8.el7                                                  
  libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-20.el7                                            
  perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7                                  
  perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7                                   
  perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7                                                 
  perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7                                         
  perl-Digest.noarch 0:1.17-245.el7                                             
  perl-Digest-MD5.x86_64 0:2.52-3.el7                                           
  perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7                                         
  perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7                                           
  perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7                                             

Complete!

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann überprüft werden, welche Inhalte mit den Paket squid installiert wurden.

# rpm -qil squid
Name        : squid
Epoch       : 7
Version     : 3.3.8
Release     : 12.el7_0
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Wed 04 Feb 2015 03:32:13 PM CET
Group       : System Environment/Daemons
Size        : 8958283
License     : GPLv2+ and (LGPLv2+ and MIT and BSD and Public Domain)
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Thu 04 Sep 2014 12:39:20 AM CEST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : squid-3.3.8-12.el7_0.src.rpm
Build Date  : Wed 03 Sep 2014 09:40:33 PM CEST
Build Host  : worker1.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://www.squid-cache.org
Summary     : The Squid proxy caching server
Description :
Squid is a high-performance proxy caching server for Web clients,
supporting FTP, gopher, and HTTP data objects. Unlike traditional
caching software, Squid handles all requests in a single,
non-blocking, I/O-driven process. Squid keeps meta data and especially
hot objects cached in RAM, caches DNS lookups, supports non-blocking
DNS lookups, and implements negative caching of failed requests.

Squid consists of a main server program squid, a Domain Name System
lookup program (dnsserver), a program for retrieving FTP data
(ftpget), and some management and client tools.
/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/20-squid
/etc/httpd/conf.d/squid.conf
/etc/logrotate.d/squid
/etc/pam.d/squid
/etc/squid
/etc/squid/cachemgr.conf
/etc/squid/cachemgr.conf.default
/etc/squid/errorpage.css
/etc/squid/errorpage.css.default
/etc/squid/mime.conf
/etc/squid/mime.conf.default
/etc/squid/msntauth.conf
/etc/squid/msntauth.conf.default
/etc/squid/squid.conf
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default
/etc/sysconfig/squid
/usr/bin/purge
/usr/bin/squidclient
/usr/lib/systemd/system/squid.service
/usr/lib64/squid
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_db_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_getpwnam_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_msnt_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_msnt_multi_domain_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_ncsa_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_nis_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_pam_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_pop3_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_radius_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_sasl_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_smb_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/basic_smb_auth.sh
/usr/lib64/squid/cachemgr.cgi
/usr/lib64/squid/digest_edirectory_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/digest_file_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/digest_ldap_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/diskd
/usr/lib64/squid/ext_file_userip_acl
/usr/lib64/squid/ext_ldap_group_acl
/usr/lib64/squid/ext_session_acl
/usr/lib64/squid/ext_time_quota_acl
/usr/lib64/squid/ext_unix_group_acl
/usr/lib64/squid/ext_wbinfo_group_acl
/usr/lib64/squid/helper-mux.pl
/usr/lib64/squid/log_db_daemon
/usr/lib64/squid/log_file_daemon
/usr/lib64/squid/negotiate_kerberos_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/negotiate_kerberos_auth_test
/usr/lib64/squid/ntlm_fake_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/ntlm_smb_lm_auth
/usr/lib64/squid/ssl_crtd
/usr/lib64/squid/unlinkd
/usr/lib64/squid/url_fake_rewrite
/usr/lib64/squid/url_fake_rewrite.sh
/usr/libexec/squid
/usr/libexec/squid/cache_swap.sh
/usr/sbin/squid
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/QUICKSTART
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/README
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/rredir.c
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/rredir.pl
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/squid.conf.documented
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/url-normalizer.pl
/usr/share/doc/squid-3.3.8/user-agents.pl
/usr/share/man/man1/squidclient.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_db_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_getpwnam_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_ldap_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_ncsa_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_pam_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_radius_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/basic_sasl_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/cachemgr.cgi.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/digest_file_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/ext_file_userip_acl.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/ext_ldap_group_acl.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/ext_session_acl.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/ext_time_quota_acl.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/ext_unix_group_acl.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/ext_wbinfo_group_acl.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/log_db_daemon.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/negotiate_kerberos_auth.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/squid.8.gz
/usr/share/snmp/mibs/SQUID-MIB.txt
/usr/share/squid
/usr/share/squid/errors
/usr/share/squid/errors/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/squid/errors/TRANSLATORS
/usr/share/squid/errors/af
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_ACL_TIME_QUOTA_EXCEEDED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_AGENT_CONFIGURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_AGENT_WPAD
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_CACHE_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_CACHE_MGR_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_CANNOT_FORWARD
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_CONFLICT_HOST
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_CONNECT_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_DIR_LISTING
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_DNS_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_ESI
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FORWARDING_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_DISABLED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_FORBIDDEN
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_NOT_FOUND
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_PUT_CREATED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_PUT_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_PUT_MODIFIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_FTP_UNAVAILABLE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_GATEWAY_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_ICAP_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_INVALID_REQ
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_INVALID_RESP
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_INVALID_URL
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_LIFETIME_EXP
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_NO_RELAY
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_ONLY_IF_CACHED_MISS
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_PRECONDITION_FAILED
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_READ_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_READ_TIMEOUT
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_SECURE_CONNECT_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_SHUTTING_DOWN
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_SOCKET_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_TOO_BIG
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_UNSUP_HTTPVERSION
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_UNSUP_REQ
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_URN_RESOLVE
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_WRITE_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/ERR_ZERO_SIZE_OBJECT
/usr/share/squid/errors/af/error-details.txt
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-ae
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-bh
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-dz
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-eg
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-iq
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-jo
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-kw
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-lb
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-ly
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-ma
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-om
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-qa
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-sa
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-sy
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-tn
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar-ye
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_ACL_TIME_QUOTA_EXCEEDED
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_AGENT_CONFIGURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_AGENT_WPAD
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_CACHE_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_CACHE_MGR_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_CANNOT_FORWARD
/usr/share/squid/errors/ar/ERR_CONFLICT_HOST
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/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_READ_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_READ_TIMEOUT
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_SECURE_CONNECT_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_SHUTTING_DOWN
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_SOCKET_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_TOO_BIG
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_UNSUP_HTTPVERSION
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_UNSUP_REQ
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_URN_RESOLVE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_WRITE_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/ERR_ZERO_SIZE_OBJECT
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-cn/error-details.txt
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-hk
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-mo
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-sg
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_ACL_TIME_QUOTA_EXCEEDED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_AGENT_CONFIGURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_AGENT_WPAD
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_CACHE_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_CACHE_MGR_ACCESS_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_CANNOT_FORWARD
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_CONFLICT_HOST
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_CONNECT_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_DIR_LISTING
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_DNS_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_ESI
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FORWARDING_DENIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_DISABLED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_FORBIDDEN
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_NOT_FOUND
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_PUT_CREATED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_PUT_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_PUT_MODIFIED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_FTP_UNAVAILABLE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_GATEWAY_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_ICAP_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_INVALID_REQ
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_INVALID_RESP
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_INVALID_URL
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_LIFETIME_EXP
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_NO_RELAY
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_ONLY_IF_CACHED_MISS
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_PRECONDITION_FAILED
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_READ_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_READ_TIMEOUT
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_SECURE_CONNECT_FAIL
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_SHUTTING_DOWN
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_SOCKET_FAILURE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_TOO_BIG
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_UNSUP_HTTPVERSION
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_UNSUP_REQ
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_URN_RESOLVE
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_WRITE_ERROR
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/ERR_ZERO_SIZE_OBJECT
/usr/share/squid/errors/zh-tw/error-details.txt
/usr/share/squid/icons
/usr/share/squid/icons/SN.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/application.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/arrow_up.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/bomb.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/box.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/bricks.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/bullet_red.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/cd.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/chart_line.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/compress.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/computer_link.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/css.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/cup.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/database.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/database_table.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/drive_disk.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/film.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/film_key.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/folder.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/folder_table.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/image.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/information.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/layers.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/layout.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/link.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/music.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/package.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/package_go.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_code.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_excel.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_green.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_acrobat.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_c.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_cplusplus.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_flash.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_magnify.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_picture.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_powerpoint.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_stack.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_text.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_word.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_white_zip.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/page_world.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/photo.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/picture.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/plugin.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/plugin_add.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/script.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/script_gear.png
/usr/share/squid/icons/silk/script_palette.png
/var/log/squid
/var/spool/squid

Dienst/Deamon-Start einrichten

Um einen Squid, welcher als Dienst/Deamon als Hintergrundprozess läuft, auch nach einem Neustart des Servers zur Verfügung zu haben, soll der Dienst/Daemon mit dem Server mit gestartet werden, was mit nachfolgendem Befehl realisiert werden kann:

# systemctl enable squid.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/squid.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/squid.service'

Eine Überprüfung, ob beim Neustart des Server der squid-Dienst/Deamon wirklich mit gestartet wird, kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl erfolgen und sollte eine Anzeige, wie ebenfalls nachfolgend dargestellt ausgeben:

# systemctl list-unit-files --type=service | grep -e squid.service
squid.service                               enabled

bzw.

# systemctl is-enabled squid.service
enabled

iptables Regel

Damit der Squid als Proxy-Server auch erreichbar ist und nicht die Weitergabe der IP-Paket vom Paketfilter iptables blockiert wird, muss nachfolgende Regel zum iptables-Regelwerk hinzugefügt werden.

Um die aktuellen iptables-Regeln erweitern zu können, sollten diese erst einmal aufgelistet werden, was mit nachfolgendem Befehl durchgeführt werden kann:

# iptables -L -nv --line-numbers
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1     3269 2693K ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 
2        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
3        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  lo     *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
4        1    60 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           state NEW tcp dpt:22 
5       16   512 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-host-prohibited 

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1        0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-host-prohibited 

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 2563 packets, 1114K bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

Nachfolgender Befehl, fügt folgende iptables-Regeln dem iptables-Regelwerk nach der Position 4 hinzu, ohne das der Paketfilter angehalten werden muss:

  • -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3128 -j ACCEPT
  • -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3129 -j ACCEPT

und hier der Befehl:

# iptables -I INPUT 5 -p tcp --dport 3128 -j ACCEPT
# iptables -I INPUT 6 -p tcp --dport 3129 -j ACCEPT

Ein erneute Abfrage des iptables-Regelwerts, sollte dann nachfolgend dargestellte Ausgabe ergeben, was mit folgendem Befehl durchgeführt werden kann:

# iptables -L -nv --line-numbers
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 
2        0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
3        0     0 ACCEPT     all  --  lo     *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
4        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           state NEW tcp dpt:22 
5        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:3128
6        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:3129  
7        0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-host-prohibited 

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
1        0     0 REJECT     all  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           reject-with icmp-host-prohibited 

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 4 packets, 624 bytes)
num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

Die neuen Zeilen sind an Position 5 (INPUT) und an Position 6 (INPUT) zu sehen, hier nachfolgend zur Verdeutlichung noch einmal dargestellt (nur relevanter Ausschnitt):

...
5        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:3128
6        0     0 ACCEPT     tcp  --  *      *       0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           tcp dpt:3129  
...

Um diese iptables-Regel dauerhaft, auch nach einem Neustart des Server, weiterhin im iptables-Regelwerk zu speichern, muss nachfolgend dargestellter Befehl abschließend noch ausgeführt werden:

# /usr/sbin/iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables 

Grund-Konfiguration

Nachfolgende Konfiguration stellt eine Basiskonfiguration dar, mit verschiedenen Ausprägung in Bezug auf die Authentifizierung.

Nach der Installation des Squid Proxy-Server sind folgende Konfigurationsdateien von Bedeutung:

  • /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/20-squid (NetworkManager Konfiguration)
  • /etc/logrotate.d/squid (Anweisungen zum logrotate)
  • /etc/pam.d/squid (PAM-Legitimationsanweisungen)
  • /etc/squid/cachemgr.conf (Cache-Manager Konfigurationen)
  • /etc/squid/errorpage.css (CSS-Style der Fehlerseite)
  • /etc/squid/mime.conf (Zusätzliche MIME-Konfigurationen)
  • /etc/squid/msntauth.conf (Beispieldatei für eine MSNT Authentifizierung)
  • /etc/squid/squid.conf (Hauptkonfigurationsdatei)
  • /etc/sysconfig/squid (Starteinstellungen squid-Dienst/Daemon)
  • /usr/share/squid/errors (Speicherort der Fehlerseite und der Templates)

und

  • /etc/httpd/conf.d/squid.conf (httpd-Daemon CGI-Konfigurationen für Apache Webserver)

/etc/squid/squid.conf

Da die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squid/squid.conf aufgrund von Kommentar- und Leerzeichen sehr schnell an Übersichtlichkeit verliert, kann mit folgendem Befehl eine Ausgabe ohne Kommentar- und Leerzeilen erzeugt werden, welche dann nach der Grundinstallation von Squid wie folgt aussehen sollte:

# egrep -v '(^#|^$)' /etc/squid/squid.conf

Die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squid/squid.conf ohne Kommentar- und Leerzeichen:

# egrep -v '(^#|^$)' /etc/squid/squid.conf
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
acl SSL_ports port 443
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
http_access deny !Safe_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
http_access allow localnet
http_access allow localhost
http_access deny all
http_port 3128
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320

Authentifizierung

Squid Proxy-Server kennt verschiedene Authentifizierungsmöglichkeiten. Nachfolgend eine Liste aller Möglichkeiten:

  • DB: Uses a SQL database.
  • getpwam: Uses the old-fashioned Unix password file.
  • LDAP: Uses the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.
  • MSNT: Uses a Windows NT authentication domain.
  • MSNT-multi-domain: Allows login to one of multiple Windows NT domains.
  • NCSA: Uses an NCSA-style username and password file.
  • NIS (or YP): Uses the NIS database
  • PAM: Uses the Unix Pluggable Authentication Modules scheme.
  • POP3: Uses an email server to validate credentials. Useful for single-signon to proxy and email.
  • RADIUS: Uses a RADIUS server for login validation.
  • SASL: Uses SASL libraries.
  • SMB: Uses a SMB server like Windows NT or Samba.
  • SSPI: Windows native authenticator

Nachfolgend sollen zwei der aus der Liste der oben genannten Möglichkeiten beschrieben:

NCSA-Authentifizierung

Um die NCSA-Authentifizierung (NCSA-style Username und Passwort Authentifizierung) aktivieren zu können, ist es erforderlich eine Passwort-Datei in der Benutzernamen und Passwörter hinterlegt werden, zu erstellen, was mit nachfolgendem Befehl durchgeführt werden kann:

# /usr/bin/htpasswd -c -m /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd klaus
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user klaus

Das Programm htpasswd generiert für den angegeben Benutzer einen Eintrag in der neu zu erstellenden Passwort-Datei

  • /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd

mit dem Benutzernamen klaus und einem verschlüsselten Passwort.

Nachfolgende Option kommen dabei zum Einsatz:

  • -c dient nur zur erstmaligen Erstellung der Passwort-Datei /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd
  • -m verwendet den Standardverschlüsselungsalgorithmus MD5.

:!: HINWEIS - Der Einsatz von bcryt funktioniert aktuell NICHT !!!

Um weitere Benutzer zur Passwort-Datei

  • /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd

hinzuzufügen, wird eine Variante des oben beschriebenen Befehls, ohne die Option -c verwendet.

# /usr/bin/htpasswd -m /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd petra
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user petra

Die Passwort-Datei

  • /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd

kann mit folgendem Befehl zur Anzeige gebracht werden und sollte wie folgt aussehen:

# cat /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd 
klaus:$apr1$...DerRestistgeheim
petra:$apr1$...DerRestistgeheim

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die NCSA-Authentifizierung im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - NCSA authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ncsa_auth /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
# Tachtler - NCSA authentication -
acl ncsa_users proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - NCSA authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet ncsa_users
http_access allow localhost ncsa_users
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Optionen werden zur Initialisierung der NCSA-Authentifizierung verwendet:

# Tachtler - NCSA authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ncsa_auth /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
  • auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ncsa_auth /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd

Aufruf des Programms /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ncsa_auth mit der Passwortdatei /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd als Parameter.

  • auth_param basic utf8 on

Bei der Übertragung des Benutzernamens und des Passwortes soll UTF-8 als Zeichensatz verwendet werden.

  • auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0

Beim Start der Authentifizierungsdienste/-Deamons sollen 5 Dienste/Deamons zum Einsatz kommen, wobei 1 beim Start von Squid gestartet werden sollen, jedoch nach erfolgreicher Erstnutzung 1 Dienst/Deamon zur Verfügung stehen soll.

  • auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!

Angabe der Zeichenkette, welche durch z.B. dem Browser beim Authentifizierungs-Dialog präsentiert werden soll.

  • auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes

Zeit der Zwischenspeicherung der Authentifizierungsdaten, bevor diese erneut angefragt werden.

  • auth_param basic casesensitive off

Deaktivierung der Groß- und Kleinschreibung bei der Abfrage des Benutzernamens.

# Tachtler - NCSA authentication -
acl ncsa_users proxy_auth REQUIRED
  • acl ncsa_users proxy_auth REQUIRED

Definition einer ACL mit den Namen: ncsa_users und der Bedingung proxy_auth REQUIRED, was bedeutet, das eine Proxy-Authentifizierung beim Einsatz/Definition zwingend erforderlich ist.

# Tachtler - NCSA authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet ncsa_users
http_access allow localhost ncsa_users
  • http_access allow localnet ncsa_users

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client aus dem lokalen Netz, zusätzlich die ACL ncsa_users erfüllt sein muss.

  • http_access allow localhost ncsa_users

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client aus dem lokalen Host, zusätzlich die ACL ncsa_users erfüllt sein muss.

LDAP-Authentifizierung

Für die Authentifizierung gegen einen LDAP-Server, hier OpenLDAP sind nachfolgende Voraussetzungen erforderlich, wie diese unter nachfolgendem internen Link beschrieben sind:

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die LDAP-Authentifizierung im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet ldap_auth
http_access allow localhost ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Optionen werden zur Initialisierung der NCSA-Authentifizierung verwendet:

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
  • auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h

Aufruf des Programms /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth mit dem Pfad im LDAP-Verzeichnisbaum zu den Benutzern und mit welcher Ausprägung der Aufruf erfolgen soll z.B. (uid=%s).

  • auth_param basic utf8 on

Bei der Übertragung des Benutzernamens und des Passwortes soll UTF-8 als Zeichensatz verwendet werden.

  • auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0

Beim Start der Authentifizierungsdienste/-Deamons sollen 5 Dienste/Deamons zum Einsatz kommen, wobei 1 beim Start von Squid gestartet werden sollen, jedoch nach erfolgreicher Erstnutzung 1 Dienst/Deamon zur Verfügung stehen soll.

  • auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!

Angabe der Zeichenkette, welche durch z.B. dem Browser beim Authentifizierungs-Dialog präsentiert werden soll.

  • auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes

Zeit der Zwischenspeicherung der Authentifizierungsdaten, bevor diese erneut angefragt werden.

  • auth_param basic casesensitive off

Deaktivierung der Groß- und Kleinschreibung bei der Abfrage des Benutzernamens.

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
  • acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED

Definition einer ACL mit den Namen: ldap_auth und der Bedingung proxy_auth REQUIRED, was bedeutet, das eine Proxy-Authentifizierung beim Einsatz/Definition zwingend erforderlich ist.

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet ldap_auth
http_access allow localhost ldap_auth
  • http_access allow localnet ldap_auth

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client aus dem lokalen Netz, zusätzlich die ACL ldap_auth erfüllt sein muss.

  • http_access allow localhost ncsa_users

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client aus dem lokalen Host, zusätzlich die ACL ldap_auth erfüllt sein muss.

LDAP-Authentifizierung ohne "anonymous bind"

Für die Authentifizierung gegen einen LDAP-Server, hier OpenLDAP sind nachfolgende Voraussetzungen erforderlich, wie diese unter nachfolgendem internen Link beschrieben sind:

Um die LDAP-Authentifizierung ohne „anonymous bind“ (LDAP: Authentifizierung gegen das Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.) aktivieren zu können, ist es erforderlich eine Passwort-Datei in der das Passwort für den „Ersatzbenutzer“ hinterlegt werden kann, zu erstellen.

Damit das Passwort für den „Ersatzbenutzer“ nicht in der Konfigurationsdatei des Squid Proxy-Servers erscheint, kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl eine Passwort-Datei erstellt werden:

# touch /etc/squid/ldap_passwd

Mit folgendem Befehlen sind die Dateirechte auf lesend und schreibend durch den Benutzer root und lesend durch den Benutzer squid und sonst keine Rechte für alle anderen Benutzer zu setzen:

# chown root.squid /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
# chmod 640 /etc/squid/ldap_passwd

Ein Beispiel für den Inhalt der Datei /etc/squid/ldap_passwd kann wie folgt aussehen:

geheim

:!: HINWEIS - Hier wäre das Passwort welches zum „Ersatzbenutzer“ gehört einfach geheim und kann ohne weitere Angaben so in die Datei /etc/squid/ldap_passwd geschrieben werden.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die LDAP-Authentifizierung im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" - W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet ldap_auth
http_access allow localhost ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Optionen werden zur Initialisierung der NCSA-Authentifizierung verwendet:

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" - W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
  • auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" - W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd

Aufruf des Programms /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth mit dem Pfad im LDAP-Verzeichnisbaum zu den Benutzern und mit welcher Ausprägung der Aufruf erfolgen soll z.B. (uid=%s) und der Angabe des „„Ersatzbenutzers“ für den nicht „anonymouse bind“ und die Angabe einer Passwort-Datei indem das Passwort für den „Ersatzbenutzer“ hinterlegt ist.

  • auth_param basic utf8 on

Bei der Übertragung des Benutzernamens und des Passwortes soll UTF-8 als Zeichensatz verwendet werden.

  • auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0

Beim Start der Authentifizierungsdienste/-Deamons sollen 5 Dienste/Deamons zum Einsatz kommen, wobei 1 beim Start von Squid gestartet werden sollen, jedoch nach erfolgreicher Erstnutzung 1 Dienst/Deamon zur Verfügung stehen soll.

  • auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!

Angabe der Zeichenkette, welche durch z.B. dem Browser beim Authentifizierungs-Dialog präsentiert werden soll.

  • auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes

Zeit der Zwischenspeicherung der Authentifizierungsdaten, bevor diese erneut angefragt werden.

  • auth_param basic casesensitive off

Deaktivierung der Groß- und Kleinschreibung bei der Abfrage des Benutzernamens.

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
  • acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED

Definition einer ACL mit den Namen: ldap_auth und der Bedingung proxy_auth REQUIRED, was bedeutet, das eine Proxy-Authentifizierung beim Einsatz/Definition zwingend erforderlich ist.

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet ldap_auth
http_access allow localhost ldap_auth
  • http_access allow localnet ldap_auth

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client aus dem lokalen Netz, zusätzlich die ACL ldap_auth erfüllt sein muss.

  • http_access allow localhost ncsa_users

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client aus dem lokalen Host, zusätzlich die ACL ldap_auth erfüllt sein muss.

Überprüfung der Konfiguration

Mit nachfolgenden Befehlen kann überprüft werden, ob die Konfiguration des Squid Proxy-Servers syntaktisch korrekt ist.

Nachfolgender Befehl liest die Konfiguration des Squid Proxy-Server ein und gibt diese auf dem Bildschirm aus und zeigt mögliche Fehler, jeweils unter der fehlerhaften Konfigurationszeile an:

# squid -k parse
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Startup: Initializing Authentication Schemes ...
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'basic'
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'digest'
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'negotiate'
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Startup: Initialized Authentication Scheme 'ntlm'
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Startup: Initialized Authentication.
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing Configuration File: /etc/squid/squid.conf (depth 0)
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ncsa_auth /etc/squid/ncsa_passwd
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: auth_param basic utf8 on
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: auth_param basic children 5 startup=0 idle=1 concurrency=0
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: auth_param basic casesensitive off
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl SSL_ports port 443
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl ncsa_users proxy_auth REQUIRED
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: acl CONNECT method CONNECT
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access deny !Safe_ports
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access allow localhost manager
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access deny manager
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access deny to_localhost
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access allow localnet ncsa_users
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access allow localhost ncsa_users
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_access deny all
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: http_port 3128
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Processing: refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
2015/02/12 14:55:29| Initializing https proxy context

Nachfolgender Befehl liest ebenfalls die Konfiguration des Squid Proxy-Server ein, gibt aber nur gefundene Fehler aus. Bei einer Überprüfung bei derSquid Proxy-Server noch nicht gestartet ist, wird dies ebenfalls mit einer Fehlerausgabe angezeigt, welche jedoch in diesem Fall ignoriert werden kann.

# squid -k check
squid: ERROR: No running copy

Erster Start/Neustart squid

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann ein erster Start des Squid Proxy-Servers durchgeführt werden.

# systemctl start squid.service

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann ein Neustart des Squid Proxy-Servers durchgeführt werden.

# systemctl restart squid.service

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann überprüft werden, ob der Squid Proxy-Server erfolgreich gestartet werden konnte:

# systemctl status squid.service
squid.service - Squid caching proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/squid.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2015-02-12 14:59:13 CET; 15s ago
  Process: 12609 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/squid $SQUID_OPTS -f $SQUID_CONF (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 12603 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/squid/cache_swap.sh (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 12613 (squid)
   CGroup: /system.slice/squid.service
           ├─12613 /usr/sbin/squid -f /etc/squid/squid.conf
           ├─12615 (squid-1) -f /etc/squid/squid.conf
           └─12618 (logfile-daemon) /var/log/squid/access.log

Feb 12 14:59:13 server50.idmz.tachtler.net systemd[1]: Starting Squid caching proxy...
Feb 12 14:59:13 server50.idmz.tachtler.net squid[12613]: Squid Parent: will start 1 kids
Feb 12 14:59:13 server50.idmz.tachtler.net systemd[1]: Started Squid caching proxy.
Feb 12 14:59:13 server50.idmz.tachtler.net squid[12613]: Squid Parent: (squid-1) process 12615 started

Nachfolgend kann in der LOG-Datei

  • /var/log/squid/cache.log

überprüft werden, ob evtl. Fehler, Warnungen oder Probleme beim Startvorgang aufgetreten sind, was mit nachfolgenden Befehl durchgeführt werden kann:

# cat /var/log/squid/cache.log 
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Starting Squid Cache version 3.3.8 for x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu...
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Process ID 12615
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Process Roles: worker
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| With 16384 file descriptors available
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Initializing IP Cache...
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| DNS Socket created at 0.0.0.0, FD 7
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain idmz.tachtler.net from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain idmz.tachtler.net from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain tachtler.net. from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain idmz.tachtler.net. from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain edmz.tachtler.net. from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain intra.tachtler.net. from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding domain dmz.tachtler.net from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding nameserver 192.168.0.20 from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adding nameserver 192.168.1.20 from /etc/resolv.conf
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| helperOpenServers: Starting 0/5 'basic_ncsa_auth' processes
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| helperOpenServers: No 'basic_ncsa_auth' processes needed.
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Logfile: opening log daemon:/var/log/squid/access.log
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Logfile Daemon: opening log /var/log/squid/access.log
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Local cache digest enabled; rebuild/rewrite every 3600/3600 sec
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Store logging disabled
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Swap maxSize 0 + 262144 KB, estimated 20164 objects
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Target number of buckets: 1008
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Using 8192 Store buckets
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Max Mem  size: 262144 KB
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Max Swap size: 0 KB
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Using Least Load store dir selection
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Set Current Directory to /var/spool/squid
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Loaded Icons.
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| HTCP Disabled.
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Squid plugin modules loaded: 0
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Adaptation support is off.
2015/02/12 14:59:13 kid1| Accepting HTTP Socket connections at local=0.0.0.0:3128 remote=[::] FD 10 flags=9
2015/02/12 14:59:14 kid1| storeLateRelease: released 0 objects

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann abschließend überprüft werden, auf welchen Ports der Squid Proxy-Server lauscht:

# netstat -tulpen | grep squid
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3128       0.0.0.0:*         LISTEN      0          159108     12615/(squid-1)     
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:39954      0.0.0.0:*                     23         159105     12615/(squid-1)

Erster Browser Aufruf

Nachdem nachfolgende Konfiguration im Browser, hier am Beispiel eines Mozilla Firefox-Browsers, wie in nachfolgender Bildschirmkopie dargestellt, durchgeführt wurde, sollte mit dem Surfen über den Squid Proxy-Server nichts mehr im Wege stehen:

Mozilla Firefox Browser Einstellungen - Netzwerk - Manuelle Proxy-Einstellugnen

Nachfolgende Einstellungen sind im Mozilla Firefox-Browsers unter

  • Open Menu (Menü) | Preferences (Einstellungen) | Advanced (Erweitert) | Network (Netzwerk) | Settings… (Einstellungen…) | Manual proxy configuration (Manuelle Proxy-Konfiguration)

durchzuführen:

Einstellungen Standardwert Wert
HTTP-Proxy [leer] 192.168.0.50 (IP des Squid Proxy-Servers)
Port [leer] 3128

Anschließend sollte nun beim Aufruf einer Website wie z.B. https://www.google.de nachfolgendes Browser-Dialog-Fenster erscheinen und zur Eingabe eines Benutzernamens eines Passwortes auffordern, wie auf nachfolgender Bildschirm dargestellt:

Mozilla Firefox Browser - Authentifizierungs-Dialog-Fenster

Nach korrekter Eingabe des Benutzernamens und Passwortes, kann in nachfolgender LOG-Datei

  • /var/log/squid/access.log

des Squid Proxy-Servers nachvollzogen werden, wie und ob die Authentifizierung erfolgreich war, was mit nachfolgendem Befehl realisiert werden kann:

# cat /var/log/squid/access.log 
1423750404.846      3 192.168.0.10 TCP_DENIED/407 4014 GET http://google.de/ - HIER_NONE/- text/html
1423750410.146    293 192.168.0.10 TCP_MISS/301 755 GET http://google.de/ klaus HIER_DIRECT/216.58.211.3 text/html
1423750410.301    153 192.168.0.10 TCP_MISS/302 1233 GET http://www.google.de/ klaus HIER_DIRECT/74.125.136.94 text/html
1423750410.663    184 192.168.0.10 TCP_MISS/200 963 POST http://clients1.google.com/ocsp klaus HIER_DIRECT/216.58.211.14 application/ocsp-response
1423750411.407    151 192.168.0.10 TCP_MISS/200 963 POST http://clients1.google.com/ocsp klaus HIER_DIRECT/216.58.211.14 application/ocsp-response
1423750411.799     86 192.168.0.10 TCP_MISS/200 963 POST http://clients1.google.com/ocsp klaus HIER_DIRECT/216.58.211.14 application/ocsp-response

Cache-Konfiguration

Der Squid Proxy-Server bietet die Möglichkeit, einmal geladene Inhalte, sich in eine Speicher zu merken, bis diese Ihre Gültigkeit verlieren. Diesen Speicher nennt Cache.

Cache aktivieren

Um den Cache-Speicher zu aktivieren ist folgender Eintrag in der Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squid/squid.conf zu aktivieren, wie nachfolgend beschrieben:

# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
# Tachtler - enable cache space on disk -
cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende soll die Aktivierung des Cache beschrieben werden:

  • cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256

Der Parameter ufs bezeichnet die Art und Weise wie die Daten auf der Festplatte gespeichert werden. ufs ist das bewährte Speicherformat und standardmäßig im Squid Proxy-Server immer verfügbar. Nachfolgend eine Übersicht der verfügbaren Speicherformate im Squid Proxy Server in der Version 3.3.8 unter CentOS in der Version 7:

  • ufs - Standard
  • aufs - Wie ufs, verwendet jedoch POSIX-Threads um zu verhindern, dass Squid durch Festplattenzugriffe blockiert wird.
  • diskd - Wie ufs, verwendet jedoch einen separaten Prozess beim Schreiben des Cache, um zu verhindern, dass Squid durch Festplattenzugriffe blockiert wird.

Der Parameter 100 gibt an, wie viel Megabyte auf der Festplatte für den Cache zur Speicherung zur Verfügung stehen soll.

Der Parameter 16 gibt an, wie viele Verzeichnisse im Verzeichnis /var/spool/squid erstellt werden, um die Cache Daten zu Speichern.

Der Parameter 256 gibt an, wie viele Verzeichnisse unterhalb der obersten Verzeichnisebenen (16, Wert vom zweiten Parameter) im Verzeichnis /var/spool/squid/XX erstellt werden, um die Cache Daten zu Speichern.

* (XX steht für eines der obersten 16 Verzeichnisse)

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann vor einem Neustart die Verzeichnisstruktur zur Aufnahme der Cache Daten erzeugt werden:

# squid -z

Cache deaktivieren

Um den Cache-Speicher zu deaktivieren ist folgender Eintrag in der Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squid/squid.conf auskommentiert zu lassen, wie nachfolgend beschrieben:

# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256

:!: HINWEIS - In den nachfolgenden Konfigurationen, soll der Cache deaktiviert bleiben.

Localnet-Konfiguration

Standardmäßig kennt der Squid Proxy Server alle möglichen lokalen Netzwerkadressbereiche.

Möglicherweise ist aber eine Anpassung oder Unterscheidung der lokalen Netzwerke erforderlich um erweitere Konfigurationen und Authentifizierungsmöglichkeiten zu realisieren.

Nachfolgend soll dargestellt werden, wie z.B. gewisse lokale Netze von der Authentifizierung ausgenommen werden können und andere weiterhin der Authentifizieren unterliegen.

Dabei sollen, wie in nachfolgender Tabelle dargestellt, die entsprechenden Regeln zur Anwendung kommen:

Zone Domain IP-Adressbereich Regel
localhost localhost 127.0.0.0/8 KEINE Authentifizierung
IDMZ idmz.tachtler.net 192.168.0.0/24 KEINE Authentifizierung
EDMZ edmz.tachtler.net 192.168.1.0/24 KEINE Authentifizierung
Intranet intra.tachtler.net 192.168.2.0/24 LDAP Authentifizierung

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um eine genauere Localnet-Konfiguration im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320

Erklärungen:

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
  • acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net

Definition einer ACL mit dem Namen: idmz_net und hier, des Quell-IP-Adressbereichs 192.168.0.0/24.

  • acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net

Definition einer ACL mit dem Namen: edmz_net und hier, des Quell-IP-Adressbereichs 192.168.1.0/24.

  • acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net

Definition einer ACL mit dem Namen: intra_net und hier, des Quell-IP-Adressbereichs 192.168.2.0/24.

:!: HINWEIS - Die standardmäßig in Squid definierten lokalen IP-Adressbereiche wurden auskommentiert, da diese nicht mehr zum Einsatz kommen!

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
  • acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED

Definition einer ACL mit den Namen: ldap_auth und der Bedingung proxy_auth REQUIRED, was bedeutet, das eine Proxy-Authentifizierung beim Einsatz/Definition zwingend erforderlich ist.

# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
  • http_access allow localhost

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client welcher in die ACL: localhost fällt, keine weiteren Beschränkungen für den Zugriff auf das Internet bestehen.

  • http_access allow idmz_net 

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client welcher in die ACL: idmz_net fällt, keine weiteren Beschränkungen für den Zugriff auf das Internet bestehen.

  • http_access allow edmz_net

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client welcher in die ACL: edmz_net fällt, keine weiteren Beschränkungen für den Zugriff auf das Internet bestehen.

  • http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth

Definition einer HTTP-Zugriffsregel, welche besagt, dass bei einem Client welcher in die ACL: intra_net fällt, zusätzlich die ACL ldap_auth erfüllt sein muss.

Safe_ports-Konfiguration

Standardmäßig sind im Squid Proxy-Server gewisse Ports als sogenannte Safe_ports definiert, was bedeutet, das über diese Ports eine Verbindung hergestellt werden kann. Ports die hier nicht definiert sind, können nicht über den Squid Proxy-Server erreicht werden.

Die hier definierten Ports können je nach den persönlichen Bedürfnissen vermindert oder erweitert werden, was in nachfolgendem Beispiel auch durchgeführt werden soll.

Dazu sollen gewisse Port-Definitionen auskommentiert werden und zusätzliche Ports hinzugefügt werden. Ein Auflistung der zu Konfigurierenden Safe_ports soll in nachfolgende Tabelle aufgelistet werden.

:!: HINWEIS - Die nachfolgende Konfiguration ist nur ein mögliches Beispiel !

ACL Safe_port Definition Beschreibung Nutzung [ja/nein/neu]
acl Safe_ports port 80 # http ja
acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp ja
acl Safe_ports port 443 # https ja
acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher nein
acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais nein
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports ja
acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt nein
acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http nein
acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker nein
acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http nein

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Safe_ports Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgend die explizite Konfiguration für die Safe_ports:

# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http

CONNECT-Konfiguration

Im Squid Proxy-Server können sogenannte CONNECT-Verbindungen definiert werden, was bedeutet, das über diese Ziel-Domain-Adressen und Ports eine Verbindung hergestellt werden kann, wobei es sich um einen erweiterten Verbindungsaufbau und nicht um einen klassischen „Request“ nur über einen Port handelt. Ziel-Domain-Adressen und Ports die hier nicht definiert sind, können nicht über den Squid Proxy-Server erreicht werden.

Nachfolgend sollen gewisse Ziel-Domain-Adressen und Port-Definitionen hinzugefügt werden. Ein Auflistung der zu konfigurierenden CONNECT-Verbindungen sollen in nachfolgende Tabelle aufgelistet werden.

ACL CONNECT-Verbindung Definition Verbindungs-Typ
Microsoft Windows Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdoamin dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com Ziel-Domain-Adresse
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdoamin dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com Ziel-Domain-Adresse
Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdoamin dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org Ziel-Domain-Adresse
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com Ziel-Domain-Adresse
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190 # Pidgin (proxy) Port
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223 # Pidgin Port
AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890 # AirDroid Port

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die CONNECT-Verbindungs Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Erklärungen beschreiben die Verwendung von CONNECT-Verbindungen anhand der einzelnen Bereiche der Squid Proxy-Server Konfiguration.

CONNECT-Port

Nachfolgende Definition von zusätzlichen Ports, welche sich nicht in Safe_ports befinden, ermöglicht den Zugriff auf die entsprechenden Ports durch den Squid Proxy-Server. Dies kann aufgrund dieser Konfiguration später auch nur in Verbindung mit einer Ziel-Domain-Adresse erfolgen (z.B. Pidgin), oder eben auch ohne eine Ziel-Domain-Adresse (z.B. AirDroid):

# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid

CONNECT-Ziel-Domain-Adressen

Nachfolgende Definition von Ziel-Domain-Adressen ermöglicht es später für diese Adressen einen Zugriff zu ermöglichen, OHNE eine Authentifizierung durchführen zu müssen, was natütrlich nur bei Netzen zum tragen kommt, bei denen eine Authentifizierung zwingend definiert ist.

# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com

CONNECT-HTTP-Zugriff

Nachfolgende Definition des HTTP-Zugriffs auf bestimmte Ports, ermöglicht es nur auf die definierten Ports zuzugreifen. Dazu müssen die neuen Ports vom Verbot - deny ausgenommen werden. Das bedeutet in der nachfolgenden Konfiguration, das alle Ports außer die ausgenommenen Ports unzugänglich sind.

# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports

Nachfolgende HTTP-Zugriffs-Regeln definieren nun den Ablauf der Erlaubnis, auf das Internet zugreifen zu dürfen, je nach Zugehörigkeit des Clients, zu einem bestimmten Netz.

:!: WICHTIG - Die Reihenfolge der Anweisungen ist entscheidend !!!

# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
  • # Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
    http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
    http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net

Wenn ein Client aus der ACL in dem das Netz

  • intra_net

definiert ist stammt, und auf die in der ACL mit den Ziel-Domain-Adressen

  • windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain

über die nachfolgend definierten weiteren Ziel-Domain-Adressen

  • windowsupdate

zugreifen möchte, kann dies OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung erfolgen.

  • # Tachtler - Pidgin 
    http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net

Wenn ein Client aus der ACL in dem das Netz

  • intra_net

definiert ist stammt, und auf die in der ACL mit den Ziel-Domain-Adressen

  • pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain

über die nachfolgend definierten Ports, welche in der ACL

  • pidgin_CONNECT_ports

zugreifen möchte, kann dies OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung erfolgen.

  • # Tachtler - AirDroid
    http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net

Wenn ein Client aus der ACL in dem das Netz

  • intra_net

definiert ist stammt, und auf die nachfolgend definierten Ports, welche in der ACL

  • airdroid_CONNECT_ports

zugreifen möchte, kann dies OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung erfolgen.

  • http_access allow localhost

Über localhost kann grundsätzlich - OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung auf das Internet zugegriffen werden.

  • http_access allow idmz_net 
    http_access allow edmz_net

Die Clients aus der ACL in dem die Netze:

  • idmz_net
  • edmz_net

definiert sind, können grundsätzlich - OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung auf das Internet zugreifen.

  • http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth

Die Clients aus der ACL in dem das Netz:

  • intra_net

definiert sind, können grundsätzlich - NUR MIT LDAP-Authentifizierung auf das Internet zugreifen.

refresh_pattern-Konfiguration

Wie bereits unter der Konfigurationsdatei im Abschnitt unter nachfolgendem internen Link

beschriebenen refresh_pattern Konfiguration

# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-imsreload-into-ims

dient diese Konfiguration dazu, für den Zugriff auf die Ziel-Domain-Adressen

  • microsoft.com
  • windowsupdate.com
  • windows.com

und die von diesen Ziel-Domain-Adressen heruntergeladenen Datei-Typen, welche in den entsprechenden Regex-Anweisungen:

  • microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip)
  • windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip)
  • windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip)

definiert sind, zwischen

  • 4320 Minuten (3 Tage)
  • 43200 Minuten (30 Tage)

ohne weitere Einzelzugriffs Überprüfungen herunter ladbar zu machen.

:!: HINWEIS - Der Einsatz des Parameters reload-into-ims stellt eine Verletzung des HTTP-Standards dar !!!

:!: HINWEIS - Siehe dazu auch die nachfolgenden externen Links

ACL-Konfiguration IP-Adressen Verfolgung

Um ermitteln zu können, welcher Client tatsächlich eine Anfrage an den Squid Proxy-Server gestellt hat, kann in den sogenannten Header-Informationen die tatsächliche IP-Adresse des ursprünglich anfragenden Clients bei jeder Anfrage mit übergeben werden.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Client IP-Adressen Ermittlung Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Einstellungen dienen der Ermittlung der tatsächlichen IP-Adresse eines anfragenden Clients.

  • # Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
    follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
    follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
    follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net

Definition für die Erlaubnis (allow) zur Ermittlung der tatsächlichen Client IP-Adresse für

  • localhost

und Clients aus dem, via ACL definierten Netzen

  • idmz_net
  • intra_net

ACL-Konfiguration für Seiten ohne Authentifizierung

Falls ein Zugriff auf bestimmte Seiten im Internet aus einem Netz, welches grundsätzlich eine Authentifizierung erfordern würde, ohne das eine Authentifizierung durchgeführt werden soll, kann dies wie nachfolgend dargestellt, konfiguriert werden.

Nachfolgende Tabelle liefert eine Übersicht mit den entsprechenden Regeln, für welchen Client aus welchem Netz eine Authentifizierung grundsätzlich erforderlich ist.

Zone Domain IP-Adressbereich Regel
localhost localhost 127.0.0.0/8 KEINE Authentifizierung
IDMZ idmz.tachtler.net 192.168.0.0/24 KEINE Authentifizierung
EDMZ edmz.tachtler.net 192.168.1.0/24 KEINE Authentifizierung
Intranet intra.tachtler.net 192.168.2.0/24 LDAP Authentifizierung

Alle Clients aus dem Netz: 192.168.2.0/24 würden grundsätzlich eine Authentifizierung benötigen.

Damit gewisse Seiten, welche von Clients aus dem Netz: 192.168.2.0/24 aufgerufen werden, auch OHNE Authentifizierung verfügbar sind, müssen diese Seiten in mindestens einer ACL definiert werden und im Squid Proxy-Server entsprechend konfiguriert werden.

Ein Auflistung der zu konfigurierenden Seiten ohne Authentifizierung (noauthsites)- sollen in nachfolgende Tabelle aufgelistet werden.

ACL noauthsites Definition Verbindungs-Typ
Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443 URL Regular Expression
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443 URL Regular Expression
Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/* URL Regular Expression
Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/* URL Regular Expression

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die CONNECT-Verbindungs Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Definitionen beschreiben, wie gewisse Seiten im Internet von der Authetifizierung ausgenomme werden können, in dem Netz, in dem grundsätzlich eine Authentifizierung der Clients erforderlich ist:

noauthsites - url_regex

# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*

noauthsites - HTTP-Zugriff

:!: WICHTIG - Die Reihenfolge der Definitionen in nachfolgender Konfiguration ist zwingend einzuhalten !

# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
  • http_access allow intra_net noauthsites

Wenn ein Client aus der ACL in dem das Netz

  • intra_net

definiert ist stammt, und auf die in der ACL mit den URL Regular Expression

  • noauthsites

zugreifen möchte, kann dies OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung erfolgen.

ACL-Konfiguration für interne Netze ohne Authentifizierung

Falls ein Zugriff auf Seiten aus internen Netzen, welches auch grundsätzlich eine Authentifizierung erfordern würde, ohne eine Authentifizierung erreichbar sein sollen, kann dies wie nachfolgend dargestellt, konfiguriert werden.

Nachfolgende Tabelle liefert eine Übersicht mit den entsprechenden Regeln, für welchen Client aus welchem Netz eine Authentifizierung grundsätzlich erforderlich ist.

Zone Domain IP-Adressbereich Regel
localhost localhost 127.0.0.0/8 KEINE Authentifizierung
IDMZ idmz.tachtler.net 192.168.0.0/24 KEINE Authentifizierung
EDMZ edmz.tachtler.net 192.168.1.0/24 KEINE Authentifizierung
Intranet intra.tachtler.net 192.168.2.0/24 LDAP Authentifizierung

Alle Clients aus dem Netz: 192.168.2.0/24 würden grundsätzlich auch für Seiten aus internen Netzen eine Authentifizierung benötigen.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die CONNECT-Verbindungs Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims

Erklärungen:

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
  • acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination

Definition einer ACL mit dem Namen: idmz_dst und hier, des Ziel-IP-Adressbereichs 192.168.0.0/24.

  • acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination

Definition einer ACL mit dem Namen: edmz_dst und hier, des Ziel-IP-Adressbereichs 192.168.1.0/24.

  • acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination

Definition einer ACL mit dem Namen: intra_dst und hier, des Ziel-IP-Adressbereichs 192.168.2.0/24.

Es müssen alle internen Netze, nochmals auch als Ziel-IP-Adressbereich (destination) definiert werden.

:!: WICHTIG - Die Reihenfolge der Definitionen in nachfolgender Konfiguration ist zwingend einzuhalten !

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
  • http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst

Wenn ein Client aus der ACL in dem das Netz

  • intra_net

definiert ist stammt, und auf das in der ACL

  • idmz_dst

genannte Netz zugreifen möchte, kann dies OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung erfolgen.

  • http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst

Wenn ein Client aus der ACL in dem das Netz

  • intra_net

definiert ist stammt, und auf das in der ACL

  • edmz_dst

genannte Netz zugreifen möchte, kann dies OHNE LDAP-Authentifizierung erfolgen.

Administrative-Konfiguration

Nachfolgende Einstellungen sind sogenannte Administrative Parameter des Squid Proxy-Server.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Administrativen Parameter Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net

Erklärungen:

# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
  • cache_mgr squid

Definiert den Benutzer, welcher e-Mails empfängt, wenn der Squid Proxy-Server stoppt. Der Standardbenutzer wäre root.

  • mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net

Definiert die e-Mail-Adresse, welche als Absender verwendet wird, wenn der Squid Proxy-Server stoppt.

  • visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net

Definiert den „Hostnamen“, welcher in z.B. Fehlermeldungen angegeben wird. Falls hier kein Wert gesetzt wird, wird der „Hostname“ über gethostname() ermittelt.

  • unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net

Definiert den „Hostname“ als eindeutigen „Hostnamen“ für diesen Squid Proxy-Server, was beim Einsatz von mehreren Squid Proxy-Servern hauptsächlich zum tragen kommt.

  • hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net

Definiert weitere im DNS hinterlegte „Hostnamen“ für diesen Squid Proxy-Server.

Fehlerseiten-Konfiguration

Nachfolgende Einstellungen bestimmen die Fehlerseiten-Konfiguration, wie z.B. die anzuzeigende Sprache des Squid Proxy-Server, z.B. auf Fehlerseiten.

Fehlerseiten Anpassungen

Nachfolgende Anpassung des CSS der Fehlerseite, soll das Nachladen des Squid-Logos durch den Squid Proxy-Server von der Internet-Seite

bei jedem Aufruf der Fehlerseite, gegen das Laden des Squid-Logos durch den Apache HTTP Webserver auf dem Squid Proxy-Server ersetzen.

Dazu ist nachfolgende Anpassung an der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/errorpage.css

erforderlich:

(komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

/*
 Stylesheet for Squid Error pages
 Adapted from design by Free CSS Templates
 http://www.freecsstemplates.org
 Released for free under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License
*/
 
/* Page basics */
* {
	font-family: verdana, sans-serif;
}
 
html body {
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	background: #efefef;
	font-size: 12px;
	color: #1e1e1e;
}
 
/* Page displayed title area */
#titles {
	margin-left: 15px;
	padding: 10px;
	padding-left: 100px;
        /* Tachtler */
        /* default: background: url('http://www.squid-cache.org/Artwork/SN.png') no-repeat left; */
        background: url('http://squid.tachtler.net/icons/SN.png') no-repeat left;
}
 
/* initial title */
#titles h1 {
	color: #000000;
}
#titles h2 {
	color: #000000;
}
 
/* special event: FTP success page titles */
#titles ftpsuccess {
	background-color:#00ff00;
	width:100%;
}
 
/* Page displayed body content area */
#content {
	padding: 10px;
	background: #ffffff;
}
 
/* General text */
p {
}
 
/* error brief description */
#error p {
}
 
/* some data which may have caused the problem */
#data {
}
 
/* the error message received from the system or other software */
#sysmsg {
}
 
pre {
    font-family:sans-serif;
}
 
/* special event: FTP / Gopher directory listing */
#dirmsg {
    font-family: courier;
    color: black;
    font-size: 10pt;
}
#dirlisting {
    margin-left: 2%;
    margin-right: 2%;
}
#dirlisting tr.entry td.icon,td.filename,td.size,td.date {
    border-bottom: groove;
}
#dirlisting td.size {
    width: 50px;
    text-align: right;
    padding-right: 5px;
}
 
/* horizontal lines */
hr {
	margin: 0;
}
 
/* page displayed footer area */
#footer {
	font-size: 9px;
	padding-left: 10px;
}
  •         /* Tachtler */
            /* default: background: url('http://www.squid-cache.org/Artwork/SN.png') no-repeat left; */
            background: url('http://squid.tachtler.net/icons/SN.png') no-repeat left;
     

Anpassung des Herunterladen des Squid-Logos vom Apache HTTP Webserver der auf dem Squid Proxy-Server läuft.

Spracheinstellungen

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Fehlerseiten Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
# error_directory /usr/share/squid/errors/de-tachtler
# error_default_language de-tachtler
error_default_language de-de

Erklärungen:

  • error_default_language de-de

Definition, in welcher Sprache die Fehlermeldungen angezeigt werden sollen.

Falls Veränderungen an den Fehlermeldungen, bzw. den HTML-Seiten vorgenommen werden sollen, ist eine neues Verzeichnis zu erstellen, welches z.B. durch kopieren eines bestehenden Verzeichnisses, hier z.B. /usr/share/squid/errors/de nach z.B. /usr/share/squid/errors/de-tachtler mit nachfolgenden Befehl durchgeführt werden kann:

# cp -ar /usr/share/squid/errors/de /usr/share/squid/errors/de-tachtler

Anschließend muss dieses das eben neu erstellte Verzeichnis mit nachfolgenden Änderungen eingebunden werden:

  • error_directory /usr/share/squid/errors/de-tachtler

Angabe der Speicherortes, wo die Fehlermeldungen abgelegt sind.

  • error_default_language de-tachtler

Definition, in welcher Sprache die Fehlermeldungen angezeigt werden sollen.

Logdatei-Konfiguration

Nachfolgende Einstellungen beeinflussen die Ausgabe der Logdatei des Squid Proxy-Server.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Logdatei Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off

Erklärungen:

  • # Tachtler - Logfile settings -
    # Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
    #                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
    #                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
    strip_query_terms off

Definiert, ob der Squid Proxy-Server die volle URL in die LOG-Datei schreibt, oder zum Schutz der Privatsphäre der Benutzer und um das LOG-Volumen zu reduzieren, Anfrage-Parameter innerhalb der URL nicht bei der LOG-Schreibung berücksichtigen soll.

:!: WICHTIG - Zum testen des Squid Proxy-Server kann die Funktion ausgeschaltet werden, in produktiven Umgebungen sollte die Funktion, aus oben genannten Gründen, jedoch eingeschaltet sein !!!

DNS-Konfiguration

Nachfolgende Einstellungen beeinflussen die DNS-Abfrage Reihenfolge des Squid Proxy-Server.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die DNS-Abfrage Reihenfolge Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off
 
# Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
# Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
dns_v4_first on

Erklärungen:

  • # Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
    # Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
    dns_v4_first on

Definiert die Reihenfolge der DNS-Abfragen, ob diese zuerst via IPv6 und dann via IPv4 erfolgen sollen oder andersherum.

:!: HINWEIS - Da aktuell kein IPv6 zum Einsatz kommen soll, wird hier die Standardreihenfolge zugunsten von IPv4 abgeändert!

Sonstige Konfigurationen

Nachfolgende Konfigurationen beschreiben verschiedene Konfigurationsmöglichkeiten des Squid Proxy-Server, die in keine bestimmte Kategorie hineinfallen.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

im Squid Proxy-Server durchzuführen:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off
 
# Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
# Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
dns_v4_first on
 
# Tachtler - Miscellaneous Settings -
# Tachtler - forwarded_for - default: on - controls, how squid-cache dealing with X-Forwarded-For Header.
#            forwarded_for   on|off|transparent|truncate|delete
forwarded_for delete

forwarded_for

Die Definition forwarded_for steuert, wie der Squid Proxy-Server beim Verlassen einer Anfrage mit den X-Forwarded-For - Headern umgehen soll

Nachfolgende Tabelle zeigt die Einstellungsmöglichkeiten für die Parameter der Definition

  • forwarded_for
Definition Wert Beschreibung
forwarded_for on Die IP-Adresse des Clients wird an den X-Forwarded-For Header angehängt
forwarded_for off Es wird das Wort unknown an den X-Forwarded-For Header angehängt
forwarded_for transparent Es wird keine Veränderung am X-Forwarded-For Header durchgeführt
forwarded_for truncate Es wird der X-Forwarded-For Header gelöscht und nur die Client IP-Adresse gesetzt
forwarded_for delete Es wird der X-Forwarded-For Header komplett entfernt
  • # Tachtler - Miscellaneous Settings -
    # Tachtler - forwarded_for - default: on - controls, how squid-cache dealing with X-Forwarded-For Header.
    #            forwarded_for   on|off|transparent|truncate|delete
    forwarded_for delete

Definition, dass der komplette X-Forwarded-For - Header der Anfrage, beim verlassen des Squid Proxy-Server entfernt wird.

Bandbreitenbegrenzung-Konfiguration

Es gibt verschiedene Ausprägungen der Möglichkeit im Squid die Bandbreite der Verbindung zum Internet, zu begrenzen.

:!: HINWEIS - Dies geschieht unter Zuhilfenahme und Erstellung von sogenannten delay_pools !

Nachfolgendes Beispiel, soll die Möglichkeit zeigen, wie

  • ein Benutzer, welcher sich am Squid authentifiziert hat (z.B. gegen LDAP)
  • eine Benutzer bezogene Bandbreitenbeschränkung

eingerichtet werden kann.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Delay Pool-Bandbreitenbeschränkungs Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - Delay-Pool configuration -
acl delay_pool_klaus proxy_auth klaus
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off
 
# Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
# Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
dns_v4_first on
 
# Tachtler - Miscellaneous Settings -
# Tachtler - forwarded_for - default: on - controls, how squid-cache dealing with X-Forwarded-For Header.
#            forwarded_for   on|off|transparent|truncate|delete
forwarded_for delete
 
# Tachtler - Cache Manager configuration -
cachemgr_passwd disable shutdown offline_toggle 
cachemgr_passwd bekannt info 
cachemgr_passwd geheim all 
 
# Tachtler - Delay pool configuration -
# Tachtler - delay_pools - default: 0         - number of delay pools, best practice is, one per user.
delay_pools 1
# Tachtler - delay_class - default: none      - it MUST be one for each delay_pool.
delay_class 1 1
# Tachtler - delay_access - default: none     - access control, best practise, only allow the specific user on his own delay pool.
delay_access 1 allow delay_pool_klaus
delay_access 1 deny all
# Tachtler - delay_parameters - default: none - control the restore/maximum byte per download for the specific delay pool.
# 64k =  8000/8000 
delay_parameters 1 8000/8000

Nachfolgend sollen die einzelnen Zeilen und deren Bedeutung dargestellt werden

# Tachtler - Delay-Pool configuration -
acl delay_pool_klaus proxy_auth klaus

Erstellung einer ACL mit dem Inhalt des Benutzernamens, mit dem sich der Benutzer authentifiziert hat:

acl delay_pool_klaus proxy_auth klaus
# Tachtler - Delay pool configuration -
# Tachtler - delay_pools - default: 0         - number of delay pools, best practice is, one per user.
delay_pools 1
# Tachtler - delay_class - default: none      - it MUST be one for each delay_pool.
delay_class 1 1
# Tachtler - delay_access - default: none     - access control, best practise, only allow the specific user on his own delay pool.
delay_access 1 allow delay_pool_klaus
delay_access 1 deny all
# Tachtler - delay_parameters - default: none - control the restore/maximum byte per download for the specific delay pool.
# 64k =  8000/8000 
delay_parameters 1 8000/8000

Angabe, wie viele delay_pools eingerichtet und von Squid verwaltet werden sollen:

delay_pools 1

Angabe welcher delay_pool von welchem Klasse-Typ (class) sein soll:

delay_class 1 1

* Hier ist delay_pool 1 vom Klassen-Typ delay_class 1 !!!

:!: HINWEIS - Es gibt nachfolgende Klassen-Typen:

Klassen-Typ Erklärung
class 1 Alles ist nur in einem gesamten Klassen-Container limitiert
class 2 Alles ist jeweils in einem Klassen-Container limitiert, welche zusätzlich anhand der IP-Adressen Bits 25 bis 32 (d) einer IPv4-Adresse unterschieden werden (a.b.c.d)
class 3 Alles ist jeweils in einem Klassen-Container limitiert, welche jedoch in „Netzwerke“ anhand der Bits 17 bis 24 © unterschieden werden und zusätzlich auch noch anhand der IP-Adressen Bits 25 bis 32 (d) einer IPv4-Adresse unterschieden werden (a.b.c.d)
class 4 Genau wie class 3, jedoch mit einem zusätzlichen Limit basierend auf einer Benutzerkennung, was nur im Zusammenhang mit einer Authentifizierung angewandt werden kann
class 5 Anfragen, welche gruppiert mit einem „tag“ versehen, in einer „externen ACL hinterlegt sind

Angabe unter welchen Umständen der delay_pool 1 zum tragen kommt bzw. welche ACL auf diesen delay_pool Anwendung findet und vor allem auch welche nicht!:

delay_access 1 allow delay_pool_klaus
delay_access 1 deny all

Angabe der Bandbreitenbeschränkung für den delay_pool 1:

delay_parameters 1 8000/8000

:!: HINWEIS - Die Parameter sind wie folgt aufgebaut:

Parameter Erklärung
1 delay_pool (Nummer)
8000/8000 „restore“/„maximum“

:!: HINWEIS - Erklärung zur Angabe „restore“/„maximum“:

  • „restore“ in Byte, bezeichnet nach wie vielen Byte pro Zeiteinheit (1 Sekunde), der Angeforderte (Download, URL usw.) - auf die Byte Angabe, hier 8000, begrenzt wird = 8k pro Sekunde.
  • „maximum“ in Byte, bezeichnet nach wie vielen Byte - ohne Zeitbeschränkung, der Angeforderte (Download, URL usw.) - auf die Byte Angabe, hier 8000, begrenzt wird = 8k pro Anfrage.

Cache Manager Interface

Squid Proxy-Server liefert ein recht einfach zu bedienendes und sehr aussagekräftiges Webinterface mit, das Cache Manager Interface (CMI). Das CMI ist ein CGI (Common Gateway Interface). Dieses CGI kann grundsätzlich auf einen beliebigen Webserver installiert werden.

Voraussetzung: Der Webserver unterstützt CGI-Funktionalität und es besteht eine Netzverbindung zum Squid Proxy-Server.

Nachfolgend soll der Apache HTTP Webserver dazu genutzt werden, um das Webinterface aufrufbar zu machen.

Apache VHOST-Konfiguration

Es soll anstelle der mitgelieferten Konfigurationsdatei in nachfolgendem Verzeichnis, mit nachfolgendem Namen:

  • /etc/httpd/conf.d/squid.conf

ein virtueller Host im Apache HTTP Server eingerichtet werden.

Siehe dazu auch nachfolgende interne Links:

Dazu soll zuerst die mitgelieferte Konfigurationsdatei mit nachfolgendem Befehl kopiert werden:

# cp -a /etc/httpd/conf.d/squid.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/squid.conf.orig

Zur Vorbereitung auf spätere Erweiterungen des virtuellen Hosts, sollte mit nachfolgendem Befehl ein neues Verzeichnis angelegt werden:

# mkdir /usr/share/squid/html

Anschließend kann dann der Inhalt der Konfigurationsdatei /etc/httpd/conf.d/squid.conf wie nachfolgend dargestellt entsprechend abgeändert werden:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# squid.tachtler.net (Squid Cache Manager Interface)
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@tachtler.net
        ServerName squid.tachtler.net
        ServerAlias www.squid.tachtler.net
        ServerPath /
 
        ScriptAlias /Squid/cgi-bin/cachemgr.cgi /usr/lib64/squid/cachemgr.cgi
 
        Alias /icons /usr/share/squid/icons
 
        DocumentRoot "/usr/share/squid/html"
        <Directory "/usr/share/squid/html">
                Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
                # Tachtler (enable for .htaccess file support)
                # AllowOverride AuthConfig
                AllowOverride None
                # Tachtler (enable for unlimited access)
		Require all granted 
        </Directory>
 
        <Location /Squid/cgi-bin/cachemgr.cgi>
                Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
                # Tachtler (enable for .htaccess file support)
                # AllowOverride AuthConfig
                AllowOverride None
                # Tachtler (enable for unlimited access)
		Require all granted      
        </Location>
 
        <Location /icons>
                Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
                # Tachtler (enable for .htaccess file support)
                # AllowOverride AuthConfig
                AllowOverride None
                # Tachtler (enable for unlimited access)
		Require all granted      
        </Location>
 
        DirectoryIndex /Squid/cgi-bin/cachemgr.cgi
 
        ErrorLog logs/squid_error.log
        SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-For "^.*\..*\..*\..*" forwarded
        CustomLog logs/squid_access.log combined env=!forwarded
        CustomLog logs/squid_access.log combined_proxypass env=forwarded
</VirtualHost>

:!: WICHTIG - Da das das Cache Manager Interface (CMI) des Squid Proxy-Server so von überall zugänglich ist, sollte eine Zugriffsschutz implementiert werden !!!

Cache Manager Interface Passwörter

Nachfolgend können verschiedene Passwörter, je nach Rechte bzw. Funktionen, vergeben werden. In diesem Beispiel zeigt nachfolgende Tabelle die Einrichtung der Passwörter für gewisse Funktionen und den kompletten Zugriff auf das Cache Manager Interface (CMI) des Squid Proxy-Servers:

Cache Manager Passwort Definition Bedeutung
cachemgr_passwd disable shutdown offline_toggle Die Funktion shutdown wird abgeschaltet
cachemgr_passwd bekannt info Die Funktion info erhält das Passwort bekannt
cachemgr_passwd geheim all Unbegrenzten Zugriff gewährt das Passwort geheim

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Cache Manager-Passwörter Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off
 
# Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
# Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
dns_v4_first on
 
# Tachtler - Miscellaneous Settings -
# Tachtler - forwarded_for - default: on - controls, how squid-cache dealing with X-Forwarded-For Header.
#            forwarded_for   on|off|transparent|truncate|delete
forwarded_for delete
 
# Tachtler - Cache Manager configuration -
cachemgr_passwd disable shutdown offline_toggle 
cachemgr_passwd bekannt info 
cachemgr_passwd geheim all 

:!: HINWEIS - Die Passwörter werden im Klartext in der Konfigurationsdatei abgelegt !

Erklärung:

  • # Tachtler - Cache Manager configuration -
    cachemgr_passwd disable shutdown offline_toggle 
    cachemgr_passwd bekannt info 
    cachemgr_passwd geheim all 

Es werden drei verschiedene Passwörter-Konfigurationen durchgeführt, wie in oben gezeigter Tabelle dargestellt.

HTTPS - ssl_bump-Konfiguration

Der Einsatz eines Squid Proxy-Servers als „man-in-the-middle“ Entschlüsselungs- und Verschlüsselungs-Proxy einer direkten oder transparent umgeleiteten HTTPS-Verbindung, kann durch den Einsatz einer eigenen CA umgesetzt werden.

Durch den Einsatz des Squid Proxy-Servers im Modus „man-in-the-middle“ als Entschlüsselungs- und Verschlüsselungs-Proxy, kann der Datenverkehr analysiert und geblockt werden, oder die entsprechenden ACL's zur Anwendung kommen und die Verwendung von Funktionen wie ICAP und eCAP können ebenfalls genutzt werden.

:!: WICHTIG - Das HTTPS Protokoll wurde dafür implementiert, dem Endbenutzer die Möglichkeit zu geben, sicher und unter der Wahrung seiner Privatsphäre Datenaustausch zu betreiben. Das aufbrechen eines HTTPS gesicherten Datenstroms (Tunnels) OHNE DIE ZUSTIMMUNG DES JEWEILIGEN ENDBENUTZERS, stellt eine ethische Verletzung der Persönlichkeitsrechte dar und ist auch in den meisten Ländern illegal und hat juristische Konsequenzen zur Folge !!!

:!: HINWEIS - Standardmäßig warnen viele Browser den Endbenutzer, über eine mögliche „man-in-the-middle“ Attacke!

Nachfolgende Skizze beschreibt vereinfacht die Funktionsweise des Squid Proxy-Servers mit ssl_bump-Konfiguration:

+--------------------------+       +----------------------------------------------+       +---------+
|                          |       |                 squid-cache                  |       | Browser |
|                          |       |                                              |       |         |
|                          |       | 1. squid nimmt Anfrage vom Browser entgegen  | <-1-- | Anfrage | 
| https://www.tachtler.net | <-2-- | 2. squid holt das Zertifikat vom Ziel-Server |       |         |
| https://www.tachtler.net | --3-> | 3. squid bekommt das Ziel-Server Zertifikat  |       |         |
|                          |       |                                              |       |         |
|                          |       | !. squid erstellt ein EIGENES ZERTIFIKAT mit |       |         |
|                          |       |    den Daten aus dem geholten Zertifikat vom |       |         |
|                          |       |    Ziel-Server unter Zuhilfenahme seiner ei- |       |         |
|                          |       |    genen Root-CA                             |       |         |
|                          |       |                                              |       |         |
|                          |       | 4. squid gibt Anfrage an den Browser zurück  | --4-> | Antwort |
|                          |       |                                              |       |         |
+--------------------------+       +----------------------------------------------+       +---------+

Root-CA erstellen

Damit der Squid Proxy-Server als „man-in-the-middle“ Entschlüsselungs- und Verschlüsselungs-Proxy einer direkten oder transparent umgeleiteten HTTPS-Verbindung agieren kann, muss eine eigenen CA erstellt werden, falls nicht schon eine eigene CA vorhanden ist.

Nachfolgende Befehle erstellen eine eigene CA zur Verwendung mit dem Squid Proxy-Server.

Nachfolgender Befehl erstellt zuerst zwei neue Verzeichnisse unterhalb des Verzeichnisses

  • /etc/pki

mit den Namen

  • /etc/pki/squid/certs
  • /etc/pki/squid/private
# mkdir -p /etc/pki/squid/{certs,private}

Anschließend werden mit nachfolgenden Befehlen die Besitzrechte

# chown -R squid:squid /etc/pki/squid/{certs,private}

und die Dateirechte

# chmod -R 700 /etc/pki/squid/{certs,private}

entsprechend gesetzt.

Anschließend kann nun mit nachfolgendem Befehl

  • ein Schlüssel (Key)
  • ein Root-Zertifikat (Root-CA)

in den entsprechenden Verzeichnissen, mit bestimmten Ausprägungen erstellt werden:

# openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -sha256 -days 3652 -nodes -x509 -keyout /etc/pki/squid/private/squidCA.key -out /etc/pki/squid/certs/squidCA.crt
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..................+++
.................+++
writing new private key to '/etc/pki/squid/private/squidCA.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:DE
State or Province Name (full name) []:Bavaria (Bayern)
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Munich (Muenchen)
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:Klaus Tachtler
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:.
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.tachtler.net
Email Address []:hostmaster@tachtler.net

Erklärungen:

Es wird eine Schlüssel vom Typ rsa in der Länge von 2048 Byte verwendet, was aktuell den meisten Zertifikaten entspricht:

rsa:2048

Es kommt der Verschlüsselungsalgorithmus sha256 zum Einsatz, was ebenfalls aktuell den meisten Zertifikaten entspricht:

-sha256

Es wurde eine Laufzeit von ca. 10 Jahren gewählt, meist die Unterstützung für Betriebssysteme im „Long term support“ im „Enterprise“ Segment, wie z.B. bei CentOS.

-days 3652

Nachfolgend sind die Zertifikatsinformationen, wie

  • Land: DE
  • Bundesland: Bavaria (Bayern)
  • Name der Organisation: Klaus Tachtler
  • Weitere Organisationsbezeichnung (Abteilung usw.): . - (Punkt bedeutet keine Angabe!)
  • Name des Zertifikats, Hostname: www.tachtler.net
  • E-Mail-Adresse des Ansprachpartners: hostmaster@tachtler.net

genannt:

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:DE
State or Province Name (full name) []:Bavaria (Bayern)
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Munich (Muenchen)
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:Klaus Tachtler
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:.
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.tachtler.net
Email Address []:hostmaster@tachtler.net

Anschließend werden mit nachfolgenden Befehlen die Besitzrechte

# chown -R squid:squid /etc/pki/squid/{certs,private}/squidCA.*

und die Dateirechte

# chmod -R 400 /etc/pki/squid/{certs,private}/squidCA.*

für die Dateien entsprechend gesetzt.

Abschließend kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl überprüft werden, ob die Dateien richtig erstellt wurden, was eine Ausgabe, wie die nachfolgend gezeigte, zum Vorschein bringen sollte:

# ls -l /etc/pki/squid/*
/etc/pki/squid/certs:
total 4
-r-------- 1 squid squid 1476 Mar  5 09:30 squidCA.crt

/etc/pki/squid/private:
total 4
-r-------- 1 squid squid 1704 Mar  5 09:30 squidCA.key

Eine Überprüfung, ob das Zertifikat korrekt erstellt wurde, kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl durchgeführt werden:

# openssl x509 -noout -text -in /etc/pki/squid/certs/squidCA.crt
Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number: 18351035949067543440 (0xfeabf9f7bc982390)
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C=DE, ST=Bavaria (Bayern), L=Munich (Muenchen), O=Klaus Tachtler, CN=www.tachtler.net/emailAddress=hostmaster@tachtler.net
        Validity
            Not Before: Mar  5 08:30:27 2015 GMT
            Not After : Mar  4 08:30:27 2025 GMT
        Subject: C=DE, ST=Bavaria (Bayern), L=Munich (Muenchen), O=Klaus Tachtler, CN=www.tachtler.net/emailAddress=hostmaster@tachtler.net
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:d2:73:76:c0:a6:c1:3a:d0:e6:9e:9a:62:6d:56:
                    a6:b0:99:22:dd:30:47:c6:dc:e7:2d:d6:8e:e2:15:
                    a6:09:10:35:73:97:88:29:e6:95:03:2a:8c:78:48:
                    22:4b:fc:ac:c6:8f:2c:20:cc:06:0b:f8:72:9d:e2:
                    b5:ff:37:52:27:63:f1:7f:04:c2:22:74:1f:16:fc:
                    f9:6d:95:67:cd:7b:c3:4e:5f:25:d4:6f:3c:d9:3e:
                    11:9a:c6:15:96:ed:7d:3c:76:aa:2f:93:f6:bc:fa:
                    4c:74:5d:25:98:99:61:ad:2a:8b:bd:b3:92:97:68:
                    eb:fa:e4:58:e9:33:36:93:3c:ed:ad:28:24:55:26:
                    68:b8:6c:e8:b8:c6:63:57:af:9a:c9:1c:96:99:7f:
                    2f:ec:ed:b3:e3:8a:01:5a:d5:b4:48:36:ec:55:12:
                    79:97:d5:93:28:df:3b:86:a1:0f:16:0d:c9:d0:4d:
                    58:8a:ea:a9:15:76:20:49:5a:07:41:01:4b:cb:0e:
                    a0:74:01:68:38:e5:07:a9:9e:a7:fe:ae:de:01:35:
                    36:43:2d:6d:4b:56:d4:be:4e:47:3e:a6:13:c7:f3:
                    f1:77:0b:37:1a:78:32:63:b9:14:b9:2a:69:80:ad:
                    59:28:ad:56:2c:4f:1d:5a:7c:fa:af:b0:dc:a1:25:
                    8b:5a
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                14:08:11:A4:ED:02:27:70:64:0C:18:4D:20:BE:04:DC:D7:A3:8E:58
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:14:08:11:A4:ED:02:27:70:64:0C:18:4D:20:BE:04:DC:D7:A3:8E:58

            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:TRUE
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         4a:9b:21:79:97:74:7a:e2:a0:84:32:af:aa:6d:c8:eb:81:7d:
         ea:1d:94:c8:c8:39:f3:3e:13:aa:f6:a3:05:9e:17:10:85:24:
         f8:cd:e7:3f:d3:bb:e2:51:b7:ad:21:75:50:48:fb:ca:8b:da:
         a0:78:59:df:57:82:86:54:ba:d2:ba:f1:b4:ab:ce:75:db:62:
         21:25:fb:74:74:cd:ae:50:ec:27:f6:5f:b6:65:9a:ce:ed:cc:
         ee:da:ca:0b:02:a1:bc:49:e9:96:68:37:6a:8e:6b:c9:b5:ec:
         a9:99:1e:bc:99:65:c4:c5:95:78:a6:54:bf:88:d1:f4:65:9e:
         02:c0:54:50:50:77:d5:3d:f0:6b:87:e1:de:68:37:fa:bb:46:
         fa:f2:a3:e4:23:d7:5b:f3:26:20:9e:2b:d1:a1:7f:38:05:e3:
         05:66:ed:3a:21:60:e0:8d:5b:ca:4d:f1:3e:61:dd:96:c4:dd:
         c4:8e:71:c8:58:cd:f7:d1:4c:71:20:78:8d:06:83:c7:4a:ff:
         24:4c:22:b4:0a:aa:3b:32:a3:6f:bb:8e:15:8b:56:10:70:04:
         1d:cf:b5:01:b2:94:d4:76:c8:ca:05:18:10:72:a3:5b:4c:84:
         be:b9:c6:e0:4b:e1:8a:83:ca:1d:8c:16:a7:94:34:4d:95:be:
         45:e2:59:7b

ssl_bump-Konfiguration

Die Konfigurationen ergänzen die bisherige Konfiguration beim Parameter

  • http_port 3128

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die ssl_bump-Konifgurations Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
# Tachtler - ssl_bump configuration -
# default: http_port 3128
http_port 3128 ssl-bump generate-host-certificates=on dynamic_cert_mem_cache_size=4MB key=/etc/pki/proxy/private/proxyCA.key cert=/etc/pki/proxy/certs/proxyCA.crt
ssl_bump server-first all
sslproxy_options NO_SSLv2,NO_SSLv3,SINGLE_DH_USE
sslcrtd_program /usr/lib64/squid/ssl_crtd -s /var/lib/ssl_squid -M 4MB
sslcrtd_children 5 startup=1 idle=1
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off
 
# Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
# Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
dns_v4_first on
 
# Tachtler - Miscellaneous Settings -
# Tachtler - forwarded_for - default: on - controls, how squid-cache dealing with X-Forwarded-For Header.
#            forwarded_for   on|off|transparent|truncate|delete
forwarded_for delete
 
# Tachtler - Cache Manager configuration -
cachemgr_passwd disable shutdown offline_toggle 
cachemgr_passwd bekannt info 
cachemgr_passwd geheim all 

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Erklärungen beschreiben die einzelnen Konfigurationsdirektiven zur ssl_bump-Konfiguration.

# Squid normally listens to port 3128
# Tachtler - ssl_bump configuration -
# default: http_port 3128
http_port 3128 ssl-bump generate-host-certificates=on dynamic_cert_mem_cache_size=4MB key=/etc/pki/proxy/private/proxyCA.key cert=/etc/pki/proxy/certs/proxyCA.crt
ssl_bump server-first all
sslproxy_options NO_SSLv2,NO_SSLv3,SINGLE_DH_USE
sslcrtd_program /usr/lib64/squid/ssl_crtd -s /var/lib/ssl_squid -M 4MB
sslcrtd_children 5 startup=1 idle=1
  • http_port 3128 ssl-bump generate-host-certificates=on dynamic_cert_mem_cache_size=4MB key=/etc/pki/squid/private/squidCA.key cert=/etc/pki/squid/certs/squidCA.crt

Es wird die Konfiguration des http_port 3128 um nachfolgende Parameter ergänzt:

  • ssl-bump - Einschalten der „man-in-the-middle“ Funktionalität
  • generate-host-certificates=on - Einschalten der dynamischen Zertifikatserstellung „on-the-fly“
  • dynamic_cert_mem_cache_size=4MB - Größe des zu verwendenden Speicher für die Zertifikate,
    4 MegaByte entsprechen dabei ca. 1.000 Zertifikaten
  • key=/etc/pki/squid/private/squidCA.key - Speicherort des Schlüssels (key) der verwendet werden soll
  • cert=/etc/pki/squid/certs/squidCA.crt - Speicherort des Zertifikates (Root-CA) das verwendet werden soll
  • ssl_bump server-first all

Ermöglicht es dem Squid Proxy-Server, im Modus server-first zuerst eine Verbindung zum Ziel-Server aufzubauen, um anschließend ein Zertifikat unter Zuhilfenahme der eigenen CA zu erstellen, oder ein bereits von der eigenen CA erstelltes Zertifikat zu verwenden, bevor die Kommunikation mit dem z.B. Browser des Endbenutzer statt findet.

:!: HINWEIS - Aus Sicherheitsaspekten sollte hier später deny all gesetzt werden !

  • sslproxy_options NO_SSLv2,NO_SSLv3,SINGLE_DH_USE

Weist den Squid Proxy-Server an, die angegebenen Cipher-Suiten nur zu verwenden.

  • sslcrtd_program /usr/lib64/squid/ssl_crtd -s /var/lib/ssl_squid -M 4MB

Bestimmt welches Programm der Squid Proxy-Server zur Erstellung der Zertifikate „on-the-fly“ unter Zuhilfenahme der eigenen CA verwenden soll und wie das Verzeichnis erstellt werden soll, die die so erstellten Zertifikate aufnehmen soll. Ebenfalls muss die maximale Größe des Verzeichnisses, hier mit 4 MegaByte angegeben, beziffert werden.

  • sslcrtd_children 5 startup=1 idle=1

Gibt an wie viele Prozesse zur Erstellung von Zertifikaten „on-the-fly“ gestartet werden sollen, und in welcher Ausprägung.

Verzeichnis /var/lib/ssl_squid einrichten

Nachdem die Konfiguration des Squid Proxy-Servers zur Nutzung mit ssl_bump erfolgreich abgeschlossen ist, ist es noch erforderlich nachfolgendes Verzeichnis, welche die „on-the-fly“ unter Zuhilfenahme der eigenen CA erstellten Zertifikate, aufnehmen soll einzurichten.

  • /var/lib/ssl_squid

Nachfolgender Befehl erstellt das Verzeichnis und dessen Komponenten unter Zuhilfenahme des Programms

  • /usr/lib64/squid/ssl_crtd
# /usr/lib64/squid/ssl_crtd -c -s /var/lib/ssl_squid
Initialization SSL db...
Done

Anschließend werden mit nachfolgendem Befehl die Besitzrechte

# chown -R squid:squid /var/lib/ssl_squid

für das Verzeichnis und das darin enthaltene Unterverzeichnis und die Dateien entsprechend gesetzt.

Abschließend kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl überprüft werden, ob das Verzeichnis und das darin enthaltene Unterverzeichnis und die Dateien richtig erstellt wurden, was eine Ausgabe, wie die nachfolgend gezeigte, zum Vorschein bringen sollte:

# ls -l /var/lib/ssl_squid
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 squid squid 6 Mar  5 10:58 certs
-rw-r--r-- 1 squid squid 0 Mar  5 10:58 index.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 squid squid 1 Mar  5 10:58 size

Browser-Konfiguration

Nachfolgend soll die Konfiguration eines Browsers, in diesem Fall der Browser Mozilla Firefox Desktop Variante, durchgeführt werden.

Proxy-Konfiguration

Nachdem nachfolgende Konfiguration im Browser, hier am Beispiel eines Mozilla Firefox-Browsers, wie in nachfolgender Bildschirmkopie dargestellt, durchgeführt wurde, sollte mit dem Surfen, auch auf HTTPS gesicherte Seiten, über den Squid Proxy-Server nichts mehr im Wege stehen:

Mozilla Firefox Browser Einstellungen - Netzwerk - Manuelle Proxy-Einstellugnen - SSL Proxy

Nachfolgende Einstellungen sind im Mozilla Firefox-Browsers unter

  • Open Menu (Menü) | Preferences (Einstellungen) | Advanced (Erweitert) | Network (Netzwerk) | Settings… (Einstellungen…) | Manual proxy configuration (Manuelle Proxy-Konfiguration)

durchzuführen:

Einstellungen Standardwert Wert
HTTP Proxy [leer] 192.168.0.50 (IP des Squid Proxy-Servers)
Port [leer] 3128
SSL Proxy [leer] 192.168.0.50 (IP des Squid Proxy-Servers)
Port [leer] 3128

Browser HTTPS Aufruf

Anschließend sollte nun beim Aufruf einer Website wie z.B. https://www.google.de nachfolgendes Browser-Dialog-Fenster erscheinen und zur Eingabe eines Benutzernamens eines Passwortes auffordern, wie auf nachfolgender Bildschirm dargestellt:

Mozilla Firefox Browser - Authentifizierungs-Dialog-Fenster - HTTPS

Anschließend sollte, korrekterweise nachfolgende Reaktion des Mozilla Firefox-Browsers auf die „man-in-the-moddle“ Attacke, durch den Squid Proxy-Server erfolgen, wie in nachfolgender Bildschirmkopie dargestellt:

Mozilla Firefox Browser - This Connection is Untrusted

:!: HINWEIS - Diese Verhalten des Mozilla Firefox-Browsers auf die „man-in-the-moddle“ Attacke ist vollkommen korrekt !!!

Erklärung:

Was ist hier passiert? - Korrekterweise erkennt der Mozilla Firefox-Browsers, dass es sich hierbei um kein Zertifikat für https://www.google.de, welches von einer vertrauenswürdigen Root-CA ausgestellt wurde, handelt.

Nachfolgende Bildschirmkopien zeigen den Unterschied.

Als erstes kann im aktuellen Mozilla Firefox-Browser Fenster nun auf den Bereich

  • I Understand the Risks (Ich kenne das Risiko)

mit der linken Maustaste geklickt werden, wonach nachfolgende Erweiterung der aktuell dargestellten Fehlerseite erscheinen sollte:

Mozilla Firefox Browser - This Connection is Untrusted - I Understand the Risks

Anschließend kann nun mit der linken Maustaste auf die Schaltfläche [Add Exception…] ([Ausnahme hinzufügen…]) geklickt werden, woraufhin sich nachfolgendes zusätzliches Dialog-Fenster öffnet:

Mozilla Firefox Browser - This Connection is Untrusted - I Understand the Risks - Add Exception...

:!: WICHTIG - Hier sollte zuerst der Haken bei

  • Permanentliy store this exception (Diese Ausnahme dauerhaft speichern)

entfernt werden, um später keine verfälschten Ergebnisse zu erhalten!

Anschließend sollte mit der linken Maustaste auf die Schaltfläche [Get Certificate] ([Zertifikat herunterladen]) geklickt werden, um sich Details zum verwendeten Zertifikat anzeigen zu lassen, welches nachfolgendes weiteres Dialogfenster öffnen sollte:

Zertifikat aus „man-in-the-middle“ vom Squid Proxy-Server Zertifikat von der Original Web-Seite
Zertifikat eigene CA Zertifikat https://www.google.de

Der relevante Unterschied sind hier die Angaben bei: Issued by (Augestellt von)

Zertifikat aus „man-in-the-middle“ vom Squid Proxy-Server Zertifikat von der Original Web-Seite
Common Name (CN) www.tachtler.net Common Name (CN) Google Internet Authority G2
Organization (O) Klaus Tachtler Organization (O) Google Inc
Organizational Unit (OU) <Not Part Of Certificate> Organizational Unit (OU) <Not Part Of Certificate>

:!: HINWEIS - Hier zeigt sich, dass das Zertifikat vom Squid Proxy-Server beim Web-Seiten Aufruf „on-the-fly“ erstellt wurde!

Browser Root-Zertifikat importieren

Um das, wie unter nachfolgendem internen Link beschrieben Verhalten zu verhindern,

ist es erforderlich das Root-Zertifikat aus der eigenen CA welche, wie unter nachfolgendem internen Link dargestellt

erstellt wurde, in den jeweiligen Browser des Endbenutzers zu importieren!

Ausgehend davon, das die Root-Zertifikat aus der eigenen CA bereits heruntergeladen wurden und hier als Beispiel im Verzeichnis - /tmp/squidCA.crt gespeichert wurden.

Nachfolgende Einstellungen sind im Mozilla Firefox-Browsers unter

  • Open Menu (Menü) | Preferences (Einstellungen) | Advanced (Erweitert) | Certificates (Zertifikate)

durchzuführen:

Browser - Firefox - Zertifikat importieren - Schritt 1

Anschließend sollte dann auf die Schaltfläche [View Certificates] ([Zertifikate anzeigen]) geklickt werden, damit sich nachfolgender Dialog öffnet und der [Reiter: Authorities (Zertifizierungsstellen)] ausgewählt sein sollte:

Browser - Firefox - Zertifikat importieren - Schritt 2

Durch anklicken der Schaltfläche [Import…] ([Importieren…]), kann dann im sich öffnenden Dialog-Fenster eine Zertifikatsdatei, hier

  • /tmp/squidCA.crt

ausgewählt werden:

Browser - Firefox - Zertifikat importieren - Schritt 3

Durch drücken der Schaltfläche [Open] ([Speichern]) wird dann nachfolgendes Dialog-Fenster angezeigt, in dem der Rahmen festgelegt werden kann, in welchem Umfang dem Zertifikat vertraut wird. Nachfolgend wurden alle Haken entsprechend wie nachfolgend beschrieben gesetzt:

Browser - Firefox - Zertifikat importieren - Schritt 4

Haken Bezeichnung
Trust this CA to identify websites.
Trust this CA to identify email users.
Trust this CA to identify software developers.

Zum Abschluss und zum tatsächlichen Import muss dann die Schaltfläche [OK] angeklickt werden.

Anschließend kann dann in der Liste der importierten Zertifikate überprüft werden ob der jeweilig Importvorgang erfolgreich war und es sollte eine Anzeige wie die nachfolgende zur Anzeige kommen:

Browser - Firefox - Zertifikat importieren - Schritt 5

Anschließend sollte nun beim Aufruf einer Website wie z.B. https://www.google.de nachfolgendes Browser-Dialog-Fenster erscheinen und zur Eingabe eines Benutzernamens eines Passwortes auffordern, wie auf nachfolgender Bildschirm dargestellt:

Mozilla Firefox Browser - Authentifizierungs-Dialog-Fenster - HTTPS

Anschließend sollte nun im Mozilla Firefox-Browsers auf die „man-in-the-middle“ Attacke, durch den Squid Proxy-Server kein Zertifikats-Hinweis mehr erfolgen!

Portal Splash Pages

Mit dem Einsatz von Squid als Proxy-Server besteht die Möglichkeit, vor der Nutzung von Squid, eine sogenannte „Splash Page“ (Vorabanzeige Seite) einzublenden, wodurch z.B. Benutzerbedingungen, Bedienhinweise oder andere Informationen vorab dem Benutzer angezeigt werden können.

Beschreibung Externer Link
Homepage http://www.squid-cache.org/
Portal Splash Pages http://wiki.squid-cache.org/ConfigExamples/Portal/Splash

Nachfolgende Skizze beschreibt vereinfacht die Funktionsweise des Squid Proxy-Servers unter Verwendung einer „Portal Splash Page“-Konfiguration in Kombination mit einr Authentifizierung des Benutzers gegen LDAP:

+--------------------------+       +----------------------------------------------+       +-----------+
|                          |       |                 squid-cache                  |       |  Browser  |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
|                          |       | 1. squid nimmt Anfrage vom Browser entgegen  | <-1-- | Anfrage   | 
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
|                          |       | 2. squid Anzeige der Authentifizierung-LDAP  | --2-> | Anzeige   |
|                          |       | 3. user  Benutzername/Passwort Eingaben      | <-3-- | Benutzer/ |
|                          |       |                                              |       | Passwort  |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
|                          |       | !. squid überprüft Benutzername/Passwort und |       |           |
|                          |       |    ACL für den Zugriff, (hier erfolgreich !) |       |           |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
|                          |       | 4. squid blendet die Portal Splash Page ein  | --4-> | Anzeige   |
|                          |       | 5. user  drückt die "Zustimmen" Schaltfläche | <-5-- | Zustimmen |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
|                          |       | !. squid laden der Portal Accept Page mit    |       |           |
|                          |       |    einem "redirect" auf die eigentliche URL  |       |           |
|                          |       |    des Browsers/Benutzers                    |       |           |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
| http://www.tachtler.net  | <-6-- | 6. squid laden der eigentlichen user URL     |       |           |
| http://www.tachtler.net  | --7-> | 7. squid erhält Daten der eigentlichen URL   |       |           |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
|                          |       | 8. squid gibt Anfrage an den Browser zurück  | --8-> | Antwort   |
|                          |       |                                              |       |           |
+--------------------------+       +----------------------------------------------+       +-----------+

Portal Splash Pages - Installation

Zu späteren Verwendung von PHP-Seiten, soll nachfolgend PHP installiert werden.

Zur Installation von PHP wird nachfolgendes Paket benötigt:

  • php - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten enthalten

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl, wird das Pakete php installiert:

# yum install php
Loaded plugins: changelog, priorities
61 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php.x86_64 0:5.4.16-23.el7_0.3 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Changes in packages about to be updated:


Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package      Arch            Version                    Repository        Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 php          x86_64          5.4.16-23.el7_0.3          updates          1.3 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 1.3 M
Installed size: 4.4 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
ownloading packages:
php-5.4.16-23.el7_0.3.x86_64.rpm                           | 1.3 MB   00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : php-5.4.16-23.el7_0.3.x86_64                                 1/1
  Verifying  : php-5.4.16-23.el7_0.3.x86_64                                 1/1

Installed:
  php.x86_64 0:5.4.16-23.el7_0.3

Complete!

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann überprüft werden, welche Inhalte mit den Paket php installiert wurden.

# rpm -qil php
Name        : php
Version     : 5.4.16
Release     : 23.el7_0.3
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Thu 04 Dec 2014 09:15:06 PM CET
Group       : Development/Languages
Size        : 4595894
License     : PHP and Zend and BSD
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Fri 31 Oct 2014 03:24:33 PM CET, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : php-5.4.16-23.el7_0.3.src.rpm
Build Date  : Fri 31 Oct 2014 02:07:27 PM CET
Build Host  : worker1.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://www.php.net/
Summary     : PHP scripting language for creating dynamic web sites
Description :
PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language. PHP attempts to make it
easy for developers to write dynamically generated web pages. PHP also
offers built-in database integration for several commercial and
non-commercial database management systems, so writing a
database-enabled webpage with PHP is fairly simple. The most common
use of PHP coding is probably as a replacement for CGI scripts.

The php package contains the module (often referred to as mod_php)
which adds support for the PHP language to Apache HTTP Server.
/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-php.conf
/usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp5.so
/usr/share/httpd/icons/php.gif
/var/lib/php/session

Portal Splash Pages - Vorbereitungen

/var/lib/squid/sessions

bevor mit der eigentlichen Konfiguration begonnen werden kann, muss mit nachfolgendem Befehl nachfolgendes Verzeichnis erstellt werden:

# mkdir -p /var/lib/squid/sessions

Anschließend müssen mit nachfolgendem Befehl, die Besitzrechte entsprechend zugewiesen werden:

# chown squid:squid /var/lib/squid

Vorhergehendes Verzeichnis dient der Aufnahme einer BerkelyDB in der Session-Informationen vom Squid abgelegt werden und müssen durch dieser beschreibbar sein.

/usr/share/squid/html/splash.php

Nachfolgend eine mögliche Portal Splash Page in zum Teil PHP gestaltet, welche zur Anzeige kommt, bevor der Benutzer weitere Seiten aufrufen kann:

Der nachfolgend gezeigte Inhalt einer möglichen Portal Splash Page ist in nachfolgendem Verzeichnis, mit z.B. nachfolgendem Befehl, zu erstellen:

# touch /usr/share/squid/html/splash.php

Beispiel:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Benutzerrichtlinie Infrastruktur des Betreibers</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!-- /*
 Stylesheet for Squid Error pages
 Adapted from design by Free CSS Templates
 http://www.freecsstemplates.org
 Released for free under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License
*/
 
/* Page basics */
* {
	font-family: verdana, sans-serif;
}
 
html body {
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	background: #efefef;
	font-size: 12px;
	color: #1e1e1e;
}
 
/* Page displayed title area */
#titles {
	margin-left: 15px;
	padding: 10px;
	padding-left: 100px;
	/* Tachtler */
	/* default: background: url('http://www.squid-cache.org/Artwork/SN.png') no-repeat left; */
	background: url('http://squid.tachtler.net/icons/SN.png') no-repeat left;
		left;
}
 
/* initial title */
#titles h1 {
	color: #000000;
}
 
#titles h2 {
	color: #000000;
}
 
/* special event: FTP success page titles */
#titles ftpsuccess {
	background-color: #00ff00;
	width: 100%;
}
 
/* Page displayed body content area */
#content {
	padding: 10px 15px 10px 10px;
	background: #ffffff;
}
 
textarea {
	font-family: sans-serif;
	color: black;
	font-size: 10pt;
	width: 100%;
}
 
/* General text */
p {
 
}
 
/* error brief description */
#error p {
 
}
 
/* some data which may have caused the problem */
#data {
 
}
 
/* the error message received from the system or other software */
#sysmsg {
 
}
 
pre {
	font-family: sans-serif;
}
 
/* special event: FTP / Gopher directory listing */
#dirmsg {
	font-family: courier;
	color: black;
	font-size: 10pt;
}
 
#dirlisting {
	margin-left: 2%;
	margin-right: 2%;
}
 
#dirlisting tr.entry td.icon,td.filename,td.size,td.date {
	border-bottom: groove;
}
 
#dirlisting td.size {
	width: 50px;
	text-align: right;
	padding-right: 5px;
}
 
/* horizontal lines */
hr {
	margin: 0;
}
 
/* page displayed footer area */
#footer {
	font-size: 9px;
	padding-left: 10px;
}
 
body :lang(fa) {
	direction: rtl;
	font-size: 100%;
	font-family: Tahoma, Roya, sans-serif;
	float: right;
}
 
:lang(he) {
	direction: rtl;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body id=BENUTZERRICHTLINIE>
	<div id="titles">
		<h1>Benutzerrichtlinie</h1>
		<h2>für die Infrastruktur des Betreibers</h2>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<div id="content">
		<p>
			<b><u>Betreiber</u></b>
		</p>
		<blockquote id="error">
			<p>
				<b>Thomas Mustermann</b><br>
				Strasse Hausnummer<br>
				PLZ Ort
			</p>
		</blockquote>
		<p>
		<textarea rows="5" readonly>
Benutzerrichtlinie
für die Infrastruktur des Betreibers...
 
<hier eigene Richtlinien einfügen...>
		</textarea>
		</p>
		<p>
			Kontakt zum <a
				href="mailto:ihre-email-adresse@example.com?subject=Benutzerrichtlinie">Betreiber</a>.
		</p>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<div id="footer">
<?php 
session_start();
$_SESSION["goto"] = htmlspecialchars($_GET["url"]);
?>
	<br>
	<form action="http://www.squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php" target="_self">
		<input type="submit" value="Zustimmen">
	</form> 
	<p>
<?php
date_default_timezone_set("Europe/Berlin");
// date_default_timezone_set("GMT");
$timestamp = time();
$datum = date("D, d M Y",$timestamp);
$uhrzeit = date("H:i:s T",$timestamp);
echo "Erzeugt am ",$datum," ",$uhrzeit;
?>
	</p>
	</div>
</body>
</html>

Entscheidend ist nur nachfolgender PHP/HTML-Code, alles andere ist das Design der HTML/PHP-Seite:

	<br>
	<form action="http://www.squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php" target="_self">
		<input type="submit" value="Zustimmen">
	</form> 
	<p>

Oben stehender Code führt nachfolgende Funktionen aus:

  1. Erstellen einer Schaltfläche mit dem Namen - Zustimmen und der damit verbundenen Aktion - Aufruf der Seite - http://www.squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php im gleichen Fenster.

Eigene Anpassungen:

In nachfolgendem Bereich der oben gezeigten Portal Splash Page sollten eigene Anpassungen durchgeführt werden:

(Nur relevanter Ausschnitt):

-->
</style>
</head>
<body id=BENUTZERRICHTLINIE>
	<div id="titles">
		<h1>Benutzerrichtlinie</h1>
		<h2>für die Infrastruktur des Betreibers</h2>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<div id="content">
		<p>
			<b><u>Betreiber</u></b>
		</p>
		<blockquote id="error">
			<p>
				<b>Thomas Mustermann</b><br>
				Strasse Hausnummer<br>
				PLZ Ort
			</p>
		</blockquote>
		<p>
		<textarea rows="5" readonly>
Benutzerrichtlinie
für die Infrastruktur des Betreibers...
 
<hier eigene Richtlinien einfügen...>
		</textarea>
		</p>
		<p>
			Kontakt zum <a
				href="mailto:ihre-email-adresse@example.com?subject=Benutzerrichtlinie">Betreiber</a>.
		</p>
	</div>
	<hr>

Nach Abschluss der Erstellung der /usr/share/squid/html/splash.php Seite, muss nachfolgender symblischer Link mit nachfolgendem Befehl erstellt werden, da sonst dieser nicht mit dem entsprechendem Aufruf aus der Squid heraus durchgeführt werden kann:

# ln -s /usr/share/squid/html/splash.php splash.php

/usr/share/squid/html/accept.php

Nachfolgend eine mögliche Portal Splash „Accept“ Page im überwiegendem Teil in PHP gestaltet, welche die Weiterleitung auf die ursprünglich durch den Browser/Benutzer eingegebene Seite durchführt:

Der nachfolgend gezeigte Inhalt einer möglichen Portal Splash „Accept“ Page ist in nachfolgendem Verzeichnis, mit z.B. nachfolgendem Befehl, zu erstellen:

# touch /usr/share/squid/html/accept.php

Beispiel:

<?php
session_start();
header("Location: " . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] ); /* Browser umleiten */
session_unset();
session_destroy();
exit;
?>
<body>
</body>
</html>

Oben stehender Code führt nachfolgende Funktionen aus:

  1. Erstellen/Starten einer PHP-Session.
  2. Erstellen einer „Browser Umleitung“ unter Einbindung der URL des Browsers/Benutzer, welche dieser ursprünglich erreichen wollte bzw. eingegeben hat
  3. Leeren der PHP-Session!
  4. Löschen/Beenden der PHP-Session!

Portal Splash Pages - Konfiguration

Abschließend kann nun die Konfiguration des Squid Proxy-Servers zur Anzeige einer Portal Splash Page durchgeführt werden.

:!: WICHTIG - Die Stelle der Konfigurationen innerhalb der Konfigurationsdatei ist entscheidend!

/etc/squid/squid.conf

Nachfolgende Konfiguration ermöglicht die Anzeige einer Portal Splash Page.

Nachfolgende Ergänzungen sind in der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squid/squid.conf

notwendig, um die Portal Splash Pages-Konfigurations Definitionen im Squid Proxy-Server einsetzen zu können:

(Komplette Konfigurationsdatei)

#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#
 
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
auth_param basic program /usr/lib64/squid/basic_ldap_auth -b "ou=People,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -f "uid=%s" -h ldap.idmz.tachtler.net -D "cn=Ersatzbenutzer,dc=tachtler,dc=net" -W /etc/squid/ldap_passwd
auth_param basic utf8 on
auth_param basic children 5 startup=1 idle=1 concurrency=0
auth_param basic realm Bitte geben Sie Ihren Benutzernamen und Ihr Passwort zur Internet-Authentifizierung ein!
auth_param basic credentialsttl 60 minutes
auth_param basic casesensitive off
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
# Tachtler - disabled default localnet configuration -
# default: acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12	# RFC1918 possible internal network
# default: acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16	# RFC1918 possible internal network
acl idmz_net src 192.168.0.0/24 	# idmz.tachtler.net
acl edmz_net src 192.168.1.0/24 	# edmz.tachtler.net
acl intra_net src 192.168.2.0/24	# intra.tachtler.net
acl edmz_dst dst 192.168.0.0/24         # edmz.tachtler.net destination
acl idmz_dst dst 192.168.1.0/24         # idmz.tachtler.net destination
acl intra_dst dst 192.168.2.0/24        # intra.tachtler.net destination
# Tachtler - disabled IPv6 -
# default: acl localnet src fc00::/7       # RFC 4193 local private network range
# default: acl localnet src fe80::/10      # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines
 
acl SSL_ports port 443
# Tachtler - Safe_ports configuration -
acl Safe_ports port 80          # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
# default: acl Safe_ports port 70               # gopher
# default: acl Safe_ports port 210              # wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535  # unregistered ports
# default: acl Safe_ports port 280              # http-mgmt
# default: acl Safe_ports port 488              # gss-http
# default: acl Safe_ports port 591              # filemaker
# default: acl Safe_ports port 777              # multiling http
# Tachtler - CONNECT configuration -
# Tachtler - Pidgin
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5190              # Pidgin (proxy)
acl pidgin_CONNECT_ports port 5222-5223         # Pidgin
# Tachtler - AirDroid
acl airdroid_CONNECT_ports port 8888-8890       # AirDroid
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
acl ldap_auth proxy_auth REQUIRED
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
 
# Tachtler - ACL follow_x_forwarded_for configuration - 
follow_x_forwarded_for allow localhost
follow_x_forwarded_for allow idmz_net
follow_x_forwarded_for allow intra_net
 
# Tachtler - ACL dstdomain (Destination Domain) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain www.update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain sls.micrsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .windowsupdate.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain download.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .update.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain .download.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain dmd.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain redir.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain images.metaservices.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain c.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain wustat.windows.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain crl.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ctldl.windowsupdate.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sls.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain productactivation.one.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain ntservicepack.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain watson.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain www.msftncsi.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain spynet2.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.telemetry.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain iecvlist.microsoft.com
acl windowsupdate dstdomain sqm.microsoft.com
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain proxy.eu.jabber.org
acl pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain dstdomain slogin.icq.com
 
# Tachtler - ACL url-regex (URL regular expression) configuration -
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Productactivation
acl noauthsites url_regex productactivation\.one\.microsoft\.com:443
acl noauthsites url_regex activation\.sls\.microsoft\.com:443
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows Online-Help
acl noauthsites url_regex windowshelp\.microsoft\.com/*
# Tachtler - Microsoft Internet Explorer Search-Engine-Updates
acl noauthsites url_regex www\.iegallery\.com/de/*
 
#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
 
# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
# Tachtler
# default: http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports !pidgin_CONNECT_ports !airdroid_CONNECT_ports
 
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager
 
# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
# Tachtler - enabled, deny access to localhost via squid proxy -
# default: #http_access deny to_localhost
http_access deny to_localhost
 
#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#
 
# Tachtler
# splash screen configuration - start -
 
acl proxy url_regex -i http://squid.tachtler.net/*
 
# Set up the session helper in active mode. Mind the wrap - this is one line:
external_acl_type session concurrency=100 ttl=3 %SRC /usr/lib64/squid/ext_session_acl -a -T 15 -b /var/lib/squid/sessions/
 
# Pass the LOGIN command to the session helper with this ACL
acl session_login external session LOGIN
 
# Normal session ACL as per simple example
acl session_is_active external session
 
# ACL to match URL
acl clicked_login_url url_regex -i ^http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php$
 
# First check for the login URL. If present, login session
http_access allow clicked_login_url session_login
http_access allow proxy
 
# If we get here, URL not present, so renew session or deny request.
http_access deny !session_is_active
 
# Deny page to display
deny_info 511:splash.php session_is_active
 
# splash screen configuration - stopp -
 
# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
# Tachtler - access rules -
# default: http_access allow localnet
# default: http_access allow localhost
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
http_access allow CONNECT windowsupdate_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow windowsupdate intra_net
# Tachtler - Pidgin 
http_access allow CONNECT pidgin_CONNECT_dstdomain intra_net
http_access allow pidgin_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - AirDroid
http_access allow airdroid_CONNECT_ports intra_net
# Tachtler - Access part of local networks without authentication -
http_access allow intra_net idmz_dst
http_access allow intra_net edmz_dst
# Tachtler - LDAP authentication -
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow idmz_net 
http_access allow edmz_net 
http_access allow intra_net noauthsites
http_access allow intra_net ldap_auth
 
# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all
 
# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128
 
# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256
 
# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
 
#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320
 
# Tachtler - Microsoft Windows-Update
# Tachtler - CAUTION - violates HTTP, but necessary!
refresh_pattern -i microsoft.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windowsupdate.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
refresh_pattern -i windows.com/.*\.(cab|exe|ms[i|u|f]|[ap]sf|wm[v|a]|dat|zip) 4320 80% 43200 reload-into-ims
 
# Tachtler - Administrative parameter - 
# Tachtler - cache_mgr - default: root, presents the mail to user for e-mails from squid-cache
cache_mgr squid
# Tachtler - mail_from - presents the rcpt to user for emails from squid-cache
mail_from squid-cache@tachtler.net
# Tachtler - visible_hostname - hostname presented in error messages etc.
visible_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - unique_hostname - hostname, that identifies this squid-cache
unique_hostname proxy.idmz.tachtler.net
# Tachtler - hostname_aliases - a list of hostnames, thas presented in the DNS for this squid-cache
hostname_aliases server50.idmz.tachtler.net
 
# Tachtler - Error page language and settings -
# Tachtler - error_default_language
error_default_language de-de
 
# Tachtler - Logfile settings -
# Tachtler - strip_query_terms - default: on - squid-cache strips query terms from requested URLs before logging.
#                                              This protects your users's privacy and reduces log size.
#                                              But you can disable this, to see the FULL URL used by squid-cache.
strip_query_terms off
 
# Tachtler - DNS-Query order -
# Tachtler - dns_v4_first - default: off - controls the order of IPv6 and IPv4 DNS-Requests.
dns_v4_first on
 
# Tachtler - Miscellaneous Settings -
# Tachtler - forwarded_for - default: on - controls, how squid-cache dealing with X-Forwarded-For Header.
#            forwarded_for   on|off|transparent|truncate|delete
forwarded_for delete
 
# Tachtler - Cache Manager configuration -
cachemgr_passwd disable shutdown offline_toggle 
cachemgr_passwd bekannt info 
cachemgr_passwd geheim all 

Erklärungen:

Nachfolgende Erklärungen beschreiben die einzelnen Konfigurationsdirektiven zur Portal Splash Page-Konfiguration.

# Tachtler
# splash screen configuration - start -
 
acl proxy url_regex -i http://squid.tachtler.net/*
 
# Set up the session helper in active mode. Mind the wrap - this is one line:
external_acl_type session concurrency=100 ttl=3 %SRC /usr/lib64/squid/ext_session_acl -a -T 15 -b /var/lib/squid/sessions/
 
# Pass the LOGIN command to the session helper with this ACL
acl session_login external session LOGIN
 
# Normal session ACL as per simple example
acl session_is_active external session
 
# ACL to match URL
acl clicked_login_url url_regex -i ^http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php$
 
# First check for the login URL. If present, login session
http_access allow clicked_login_url session_login
http_access allow proxy
 
# If we get here, URL not present, so renew session or deny request.
http_access deny !session_is_active
 
# Deny page to display
deny_info 511:splash.php session_is_active
 
# splash screen configuration - stopp -
  • acl proxy url_regex -i http://squid.tachtler.net/*

Definition der der ACL proxy hinter der sich z.B die PHP-Seiten und ggf. Images für den Aufruf der splash.php befinden.

  • external_acl_type session concurrency=100 ttl=3 %SRC /usr/lib64/squid/ext_session_acl -a -T 60 -b /var/lib/squid/sessions/

Erstellen eines AKTIVEN-Session mit einer Anmeldungsdauer zum TESTEN von 60 Sekunden und unter Zuhilfenahme eines externen Programms /usr/lib64/squid/ext_session_acl ebenfalls mit einer Session-Laufzeit zum TESTEN von 60 Sekunden, welche in einer BerkelyDB unter nachfolgendem Pfad /var/lib/squid/sessions/ abgelegt wird.

  • acl session_login external session LOGIN

ACL welche die Anmeldeinformationen aus dem AKTIVEN-Session Hilfsprogramm ebenfalls an die Session bindet.

  • acl clicked_login_url url_regex -i ^http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php$

ACL welche zutrifft, wenn die definierte URL, hier URL - http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php aufgerufen wird, diese in der Session als aufgerufen zu kennzeichnen.

  • http_access allow clicked_login_url session_login

Überprüfung, wenn die URL - http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php noch nicht aufgerufen wurde, den Zugriff auf die ursprüngliche vom Browser/Benutzer angeforderte URL zu verweigern!

  • http_access allow proxy

Zugriff auf die Ressource welche in der ACL proxy definiert wurde, auch ohne Aufrufzustimmung zulassen.

  • http_access deny !session_is_active

Alle weiteren Zugriffe verweigern, bis die aktive Session mit der definierten URL, hier URL - http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php aufgerufen wurde, und diese in der Session als aufgerufen gekennzeichnet wurde.

  • deny_info 511:splash.php session_is_active

Anzeige der sogenannten deny_info - was der Portal Splash Page entspricht, solange die URL - http://squid.tachtler.net/html/accept.php nicht aufgerufen wurde!

Portal Splash Pages - Test

Anschließend kann dies nun wie folgt getestet werden:

Schritt 1: Aufruf einer URL, hier http://www.google.de im Browser und Authentifizierung gegen LDAP:

Aufruf URL mit LDAP-Authentifizierung

Schritt 2: Anzeige der Portal Splash Page mit anschließendem drücken der Schaltfläche [Zustimmen]

Anzeige der squid Portal Splash Page

Schritt 3: Anzeige der ursprünglich durch den Benutzer eingegebenen URL durch „redirect“ über die Portal Splash „Accept“ Page:

Anzeige der URL über die Portal Splash "Accept" Page

SquidAnalyzer

SquidAnalyzer untersucht standardmäßig die Log-Datei

  • /var/log/squid/access.log
  • im Standard-Log-Format von Squid

und erstellt Statistiken und Reports über Zugriffe, Bytes, Benutzer, Netze, Listen von URL's und Listen von Domains.

Die Auswertungen orientieren sich an den Benutzern und an der Bandbreite des installierten Squid.

SquidAnalyzer nutzt dabei eine einfache Dateistruktur, um die Daten zu speichern. Der Betrieb einer Datenbank, wie MariaDB, MySQL, SQL Lite oder einer Berkelay DB ist nicht erforderlich.

Der SquidAnalyzer wertet die Daten inkrementell aus, deshalb sollte z.B. nächtlich oder sogar stündlich eine cron-Job zur Auswertung und Erstellung der Statistiken und Reports ausgeführt werden.

:!: WICHTIG - Die Log-Auswertung erfolgt nur dann, wenn das Log-Format squid ist!

Andere Log-Formate wie z.B.

  • squidmime
  • common
  • combined

werden NICHT unterstützt!

SquidAnalyzer - Voraussetzungen

Als Voraussetzung für die Installation von SquidAnalyzer sind folgende Komponenten erforderlich:

Nachfolgende rpm-Pakete sind als Abhängigkeit erforderlich und werden ebenfalls benötigt:

  • perl-Time-HiRes - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build perl-ExtUtils-Install - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build perl-ExtUtils-Manifest - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build gdbm-devel - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build libdb-devel - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build perl-devel - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten
  • *build systemtap-sdt-devel - ist im base-Repository von CentOS enthalten

SquidAnalyzer - Externes Repository

Zur Installation des SquidAnalyzer soll ein externes Repository genutzt werden.

:!: HINWEIS - Das externe Repository wird von dem mir sehr geschätzten Michael Nausch betrieben und ist eine sichere und verlässliche Quelle für rpm-Pakete.

Zur Einbindung des externen Repositories von

sind nachfolgende Schritte notwendig.

Mit nachfolgendem Befehlen kann ein rpm-Installationspaket heruntergeladen und installiert werden, mit dem das externe Repository von http://repo.mailserver.guru als Drittrepository im Betriebssystem, als zusätzliche Quelle, eingebunden werden kann.

Zuerst sollte mit nachfolgendem Befehl in das Verzeichnis /tmp gewechselt werden:

# cd /tmp

Nachfolgender Befehl kann das entsprechende rpm-Paket für das externe Repository von http://repo.mailserver.guru heruntergeladen werden:

# wget http://repo.mailserver.guru/7/os/x86_64/Packages/mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm
--2015-04-30 17:09:52--  http://repo.mailserver.guru/7/os/x86_64/Packages/mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mailserver.guru (repo.mailserver.guru)... 217.91.103.190
Connecting to repo.mailserver.guru (repo.mailserver.guru)|217.91.103.190|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 5712 (5.6K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: \u2018mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm\u2019

100%[======================================>] 5,712       --.-K/s   in 0.003s  

2015-04-30 17:09:52 (1.72 MB/s) - \u2018mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm\u2019 saved [5712/5712]

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl, kann nun die Installation des rpm-Pakets für das externe Repository von http://repo.mailserver.guru durchgeführt werden:

# yum localinstall /tmp/mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Examining /tmp/mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm: mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch
Marking /tmp/mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mailserver.guru.noarch 0:7-2 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package             Arch       Version   Repository                       Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 mailserver.guru     noarch     7-2       /mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch     2.1 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 2.1 k
Installed size: 2.1 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch                                   1/1 
  Verifying  : mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch                                   1/1 

Installed:
  mailserver.guru.noarch 0:7-2                                                  

Complete!

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl kann überprüft werden, welcher Inhalt mit dem Paket installiert wurde.

Paket mailserver.guru-7-2.noarch:

# rpm -qil mailserver.guru.noarch
Name        : mailserver.guru
Version     : 7
Release     : 2
Architecture: noarch
Install Date: Thu 30 Apr 2015 05:11:03 PM CEST
Group       : System Environment/Base
Size        : 2177
License     : GPLv2
Signature   : RSA/SHA1, Fri 20 Feb 2015 10:15:07 AM CET, Key ID 60ecfb9e8195aea0
Source RPM  : mailserver.guru-7-2.src.rpm
Build Date  : Fri 20 Feb 2015 10:14:55 AM CET
Build Host  : vml000200.dmz.nausch.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : Django <django@mailserver.guru>
Vendor      : django, http://dokuwiki.nausch.org/
URL         : http://repository.nausch.org/public/mailserver.guru/
Summary     : Extra (Mailserver-)Packages for CentOS 7 repository configuration
Description :
This package contains the Extra (Mailserver-)Packages for CentOS 7 repository
GPG key as well as configuration for yum and up2date.
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MAILSERVER.GURU-RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
/etc/yum.repos.d/mailserver.guru.repo

:!: HINWEIS - Damit könnte bereits das das externe Repository von http://repo.mailserver.guru grundsätzlich genutzt werden!

Zur Sicherheit sollte jedoch noch der GPG-Schlüssel des externen Repositories von http://repo.mailserver.guru importiert werden, da alle Pakete via GPG-Schlüssel signiert sind, und diese Signatur nur dann überprüft werden kann!

Nachfolgender Befehl lädt den GPG-Schlüssel des externen Repositories von http://repo.mailserver.guru von

herunter:

# wget http://repo.mailserver.guru/7/MAILSERVER.GURU-RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
--2015-04-30 17:10:41--  http://repo.mailserver.guru/7/MAILSERVER.GURU-RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Resolving repo.mailserver.guru (repo.mailserver.guru)... 217.91.103.190
Connecting to repo.mailserver.guru (repo.mailserver.guru)|217.91.103.190|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1650 (1.6K)
Saving to: \u2018MAILSERVER.GURU-RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7\u2019

100%[======================================>] 1,650       --.-K/s   in 0s      

2015-04-30 17:10:42 (123 MB/s) - \u2018MAILSERVER.GURU-RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7\u2019 saved [1650/1650]

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl, kann nun der GPG-Schlüssel des externen Repositories von http://repo.mailserver.guru importiert werden:

# rpm --import /tmp/MAILSERVER.GURU-RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

:!: HINWEIS - Es erfolgt KEINE Ausgabe einer Bestätigung, dass der GPG-Schlüssel importiert wurde !!!

Um das Importieren des GPG-Schlüssels zu überprüfen, kann nachfolgender Befehl verwendet werden, welcher ebenfalls nachfolgende Ausgabe erzeugen sollte. (Der als erstes aufgelistete GPG-Schlüssel, sollte hinzugekommen sein!):

# rpm -qa gpg-pubkey
gpg-pubkey-8195aea0-53cc3764
gpg-pubkey-f4a80eb5-53a7ff4b

Der Inhalt des importierten GPG-Schlüssels, kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl überprüft werden:

# rpm -qi gpg-pubkey-8195aea0-53cc3764
Name        : gpg-pubkey
Version     : 8195aea0
Release     : 53cc3764
Architecture: (none)
Install Date: Fri 10 Oct 2014 10:25:02 AM CEST
Group       : Public Keys
Size        : 0
License     : pubkey
Signature   : (none)
Source RPM  : (none)
Build Date  : Sun 20 Jul 2014 11:40:52 PM CEST
Build Host  : localhost
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : Django <django@mailserver.guru>
Summary     : gpg(Django <django@mailserver.guru>)
Description :
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: rpm-4.11.1 (NSS-3)
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=YVGl
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

Jetzt kann das externe Repository von http://repo.mailserver.guru genutzt werden.

Es sollten mit nachfolgendem Befehl die von yum, dem Paket-Manager von CentOS, bereits zwischengespeicherten Informationen, welche bei der Nutzung von yum zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt ermittelt wurden, mit nachfolgenden Befehl gelöscht werden, um eine Neuermittlung aller verfügbaren Paketinformationen durchzuführen:

# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base extras mailserver.guru updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

Eine Überprüfung, ob die Pakete verfügbar sind, kann durch eine Suche nach dem rpm-Paket

  • squidanalyzer

mit nachfolgendem Befehl durchgeführt werden:

# yum search squidanalyzer
Loaded plugins: changelog, priorities
117 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
========================== N/S matched: squidanalyzer ==========================
squidanalyzer.noarch : Squid proxy log analyzer and report generator

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

SquidAnalyzer - Installation

Zur Installation von SquidAnalyzer wird nachfolgendes Paket benötigt:

Zur Installation von SquidAnalyzer ist nachfolgender Befehl auszuführen:

# yum install squidanalyzer
Loaded plugins: changelog, priorities
117 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package squidanalyzer.noarch 0:6.6-1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Changes in packages about to be updated:


Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package             Arch         Version        Repository                Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 squidanalyzer       noarch       6.6-1          mailserver.guru-os       176 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 150 k
Installed size: 452 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
squidanalyzer-6.6-1.noarch.rpm                             | 176 kB   00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : squidanalyzer-6.6-1.noarch                                   1/1
  Verifying  : squidanalyzer-6.6-1.noarch                                   1/1

Installed:
  squidanalyzer.noarch 0:6.6-1

Complete!

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl, kann der Inhalt des Paketes - squidanalyzer aufgelistet werden:

# rpm -qil squidanalyzer
Name        : squidanalyzer
Version     : 6.6
Release     : 1
Architecture: noarch
Install Date: Tue 17 Oct 2017 08:51:45 AM CEST
Group       : Monitoring
Size        : 556888
License     : GPLv3
Signature   : RSA/SHA1, Mon 16 Oct 2017 04:45:42 PM CEST, Key ID 60ecfb9e8195aea0
Source RPM  : squidanalyzer-6.6-1.src.rpm
Build Date  : Mon 16 Oct 2017 04:45:33 PM CEST
Build Host  : vml000137.dmz.nausch.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : Django <django@mailserver.guru>
URL         : http://squidanalyzer.darold.net/
Summary     : Squid proxy log analyzer and report generator
Description :
Squid proxy native log analyzer and reports generator with full
statistics about times, hits, bytes, users, networks, top URLs and
top domains. Statistic reports are oriented toward user and
bandwidth control; this is not a pure cache statistics generator.

SquidAnalyzer uses flat files to store data and doesn't need any SQL,
SQL Lite or Berkeley databases.

This log analyzer is incremental and should be run in a daily cron,
or more often with heavy proxy usage.
/etc/cron.d/squidanalyzer
/etc/squidanalyzer/excluded
/etc/squidanalyzer/included
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/ca_CA.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/cs_CZ.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/de_DE.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/en_US.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/es_ES.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/fr_FR.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/it_IT.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/pl_PL.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/pt_BR.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/ru_RU.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/lang/uk_UA.txt
/etc/squidanalyzer/network-aliases
/etc/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.conf
/etc/squidanalyzer/user-aliases
/usr/bin/squid-analyzer
/usr/share/doc/squidanalyzer-6.6
/usr/share/doc/squidanalyzer-6.6/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/squidanalyzer-6.6/INSTALL
/usr/share/doc/squidanalyzer-6.6/README
/usr/share/doc/squidanalyzer-6.6/TODO
/usr/share/man/man3/SquidAnalyzer.3pm.gz
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl/SquidAnalyzer.pm
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/LICENSE
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/README
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/flotr2.js
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/back-arrow.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/cursor.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/domain.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/info.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/logo-squidanalyzer.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/network.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/up-arrow.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/images/user.png
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/sa-sorttable.diff
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/sorttable.js
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.css
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.js
/var/www/html/squidanalyzer/update_rsc_files.sh

SquidAnalyzer - Konfiguration

Der erste Schritt zur Konfiguration beginnt mit dem anpassen der Konfigurationsdatei

  • /etc/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.conf

/etc/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.conf

Die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.conf könnte wie folgt aussehen:

####
# This file is the default configuration file for SquidAnalyzer
# Edit it to match your needs and copy it under /etc/squidanalyzer/squidanalyzer.conf
#####
 
# Path where SquidAnalyzer should dump all HTML and images files.
# Choose a path that can be read by a Web browser
Output  /var/www/squidanalyzer
 
# The URL of the SquidAnalyzer javascript, HTML and images files.
# Tachtler 
# default: WebUrl       /squidreport
WebUrl  /
 
# Set the path to the Squid, squidGuard and/or ufdbGuard log files.
LogFile /var/log/squid/access.log
 
# If you want to use DNS name instead of client Ip address as username enable
# this directive. When you don't have authentication, the username is set to
# the client ip address, this allow you to use the DNS name instead.
# Note that you must have a working DNS resolution and that it can really slow
# down the generation of reports.
UseClientDNSName        0
 
# If you have enabled UseClientDNSName and have lot of ip addresses that do
# not resolve you may want to increase the DNS lookup timeout. By default
# SquidAnalyzer will stop to lookup a DNS name after 0.0001 second (100 ms).
DNSLookupTimeout        0.0001
 
# Set the file containing network alias name. Network are
# show as Ip addresses so if you want to display name instead
# create a file with this format :
# LOCATION_NAME IP_NETWORK_ADDRESS
# Separator must be a tabulation
NetworkAlias    /etc/squidanalyzer/network-aliases
 
# Set the file containing user alias name. If you don't have auth_proxy
# enable user are seen as Ip addresses, or if you want to replace login
# name by full user name, create a file with this format :
# FULL_USERNAME IP_ADDRESS || LOGIN_NAME
# Separator must be a tabulation
UserAlias       /etc/squidanalyzer/user-aliases
 
# How do we sort Network, User and user's Url report screen
# Value can be: bytes, hits or duration. Default is bytes.
OrderNetwork    bytes
OrderUser       bytes
OrderUrl        bytes
 
# How do we sort Mime types report screen
# Value can be: bytes or hits. Default is bytes.
OrderMime       bytes
 
# Should we display user URL details. This will show all URL read
# by user. Take care to have enougth space disk for large user.
UrlReport       1
 
# Enable this directive if you don't want the tree Top URL and Domain HTML tables.
# You will just have the table of Url/Domain ordered per hits then you can still
# sort the URL/Domain order by clicking on each column
UrlHitsOnly     0
 
# Should we display user details. This will show statistics per user.
UserReport      1
 
# Run in quiet mode or print debug information
QuietMode       1
 
# Cost of the bandwidth per Mb. If you want to generate invoice per Mb
# for bandwidth traffic this can help you. Value 0 mean no cost.
# Tachtler
# default: CostPrice    0.5
CostPrice       0.01
 
# Currency of the bandwidth cost
Currency        &euro;
 
# Top number of url to show from all url extracted from the log
TopNumber       100
 
# Top number of url to preserve on each data file sorted by OrderUrl.
# On huge access log it will improve a lot the performances but you
# will have less precision in the top url. Default to 0, all url will
# be stored.
TopStorage      0
 
# Path to the file containing client ip addresses, network ip address,
# and/or auth login to exclude from report
Exclude /etc/squidanalyzer/excluded
 
# Path to the file containing client ip addresses, network ip address,
# and/or auth login to include into the report. Other entries will be
# excluded by default.
Include /etc/squidanalyzer/included
 
# Translation Lang      /etc/squidanalyzer/lang/en_US.txt,
# en_US.txt, ru_RU.txt, uk_UA.txt, cs_CZ.txt, pl_PL.txt and de_DE.txt).
# Default to:
# Tachtler
# default: #Lang        /etc/squidanalyzer/lang/en_US.txt
Lang    /etc/squidanalyzer/lang/de_DE.txt
 
# Date format used to display date (year = %y, month = %m and day = %d)
# You can also use %M to replace month by its 3 letters abbreviation.
DateFormat      %y-%m-%d
 
# Set this to 1 if you want to anonymize all user login. The username
# will be replaced by an unique id that change at each squid-analyzer
# run. Default disable.
AnonymizeLogin  0
 
# Adds peer cache hit (CD_SIBLING_HIT) to be taken has local cache hit.
# Enabled by default, you must disabled it if you don't want to report
# peer cache hit onto your stats.
SiblingHit      1
 
# Set the default unit for transfert size. Default is BYTES, other possible
# values are KB, MB and GB
TransfertUnit   BYTES
 
# Minimum percentage of data in pie's graphs to not be placed in the others item.
MinPie          2
 
# Set this to your locale to display generated date in your language. Default
# is to use strftime. If you want date in German for example, set it to de_DE.
# For french, fr_FR should do the work.
# Tachtler
# default: #Locale              en_US
Locale          de_DE
 
# By default SquidAnalyzer is saving current collected statistics each time
# a new hour is found in log file. Most of the time this is enough but if
# you have huge log file and don't have enough memory this will slow down the
# parser by forcing Perl to use temporaries files. Use lower value following
# your memory and the size of your log file, on very huge log file with lot of
# requests/seconde a value of 30 minutes (1800) or less should help.
WriteDelay      3600
 
# Use this directive to show the top N users that look at an URL or a domain.
# Set it to 0 to disable this feature.
TopUrlUser      10
 
# This directive allow you to replace the SquidAnalyze logo by your custom
# logo. The default value is defined as follow:
# <a href="$self->{WebUrl}">
# <img src="$self->{WebUrl}images/logo-squidanalyzer.png" title="SquidAnalyzer $VERSION" border="0">
# </a> SquidAnalyzer
# Feel free to define your own header but take care to not break current design.
#CustomHeader   <a href="http://my.isp.dom/"><img src="http://my.isp.dom/logo.png" title="My ISP link" border="0" width="100" height="110"></a> My ISP Company
 
# This directive allow exclusion of some unwanted methods in report statistics
# like HEAD, POST, CONNECT, etc. Can be a comma separated list of methods.
#ExcludedMethods        HEAD
 
# This directive allow exclusion of some unwanted mimetypes in report statistics
# like text/html, text/plain, or more generally text/*, etc. Can be a comma separated
# list of perl regular expression.
#ExcludedMimes  text/.*,image/.*
 
# This directive allow exclusion of some unwanted codes in report statistics
# like TCP_DENIED/403 which are generated when a user accesses a page the first
# time without authentication. Can be a comma separated list of methods.
#ExcludedCodes  TCP_DENIED/403
 
# When SquidAnalyzer find a corrupted line in his data file, it exit immedialtly.
# You can force him to wait for a certain amount of errors before exiting. Of
# course you might want to remove the corrupted line before the next run. This
# can be useful if you have special characters in some fields like mime type.
#MaxFormatError 0
 
# Set timezone to use when SquidAnalyzer is used in a different server than
# the one running squid and there is a different timezone between these two
# machine. The value must follow format: +/-HH. Default is to use local time.
#TimeZone       +01
 
# Enable this directive if you want to include port number into Url statistics.
# Default is to remove the port information from the Url.
#UseUrlPort     0
 
# Enable this directive if you want to apply immedialtly the changes made in
# aliases files to avoid duplicates. You still have to use --rebuild to
# recreate previous reports with new aliases. Enabling this will imply a lost
# of performances with huges log files.
#UpdateAlias    0
 
# The two following configuration directive allow you to specify a start and
# stop time. Log line out of this time range will not be parsed.
#TimeStart      00:00
#TimeStop       23:59

/etc/squidanalyzer/excluded

Die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squidanalyzer/excluded könnte wie folgt aussehen:

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File used to defined which client ip address, network with netmask, network
# regex address, auth login and URI to exclude from the report.
#
# You can define one by line exclusion by specifying first the type of the
# exclusion (USER, CLIENT or URI) and a space separated list of valid regex.
# You can also use the NETWORK type to define network address with netmask
# using the CIDR notation: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/n
#
# See example below:
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#NETWORK        192.168.1.0/24 10.10.0.0/16
#CLIENT         192\.168\.1\.2
#CLIENT         10\.169\.1\.\d+ 192\.168\.10\..*
#USER           myloginstr
#USER           guestlogin\d+ guestdemo
#URI            http:\/\/myinternetdomain.dom.*
#URI            .*\.webmail\.com\/.*\/login\.php.*
 
# Tachtler
USER    root

/etc/squidanalyzer/included

Die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squidanalyzer/included könnte wie folgt aussehen:

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File used to defined which client ip address, network with netmask, network
# regex address, auth login and URI to include in the report. All other entries
# will be exclude, this is the opposite of the excluded file.
#
# You can define one by line inclusion by specifying first the type of the
# inclusion (USER or CLIENT) and a space separated list of valid regex.
# You can also use the NETWORK type to define network address with netmask
# using the CIDR notation: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/n
#
# See example below:
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#NETWORK        192.168.1.0/24 10.10.0.0/16
#CLIENT         192\.168\.1\.2
#CLIENT         10\.169\.1\.\d+ 192\.168\.10\..*
#USER           myloginstr
#USER           guestlogin\d+ guestdemo

/etc/squidanalyzer/network-aliases

Die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squidanalyzer/network-aliases könnte wir folgt aussehen:

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Squid Analyzer Network Alias configuration file
# FORMAT: NETWORK_NAME  NETWORK_REGEX1,NETWORK_REGEX2,...
# Field separator must be one or more tabulation.
# You can also use the CIDR notation:
# FORMAT:  NETWORK_NAME xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/n
#
# See examples below.
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Home Network           192\.168\.1\.
#Associated Networks    ^10\.169\.[2-4]\.,^10\.169\.[7-9]\.
#ClassB Network         10.172.0.0/16
#ClassC Network         192.168.1.0/24
 
# Tachtler
EDMZ    88\.217\.171\.167
XDMZ    192\.168\.1\.
DMZ     192\.168\.0\.
INTRA   192\.168\.2\.

/etc/squidanalyzer/user-aliases

Die Konfigurationsdatei /etc/squidanalyzer/user-aliases könnte wir folgt aussehen:

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Squid Analyzer User Alias configuration file
# FORMAT : FULL_USER_NAME       IP_ADDRESS|LOGIN_NAME,LOGIN_REGEX
# Field separator must be one or more tabulation. Space in user are allowed.
# See example below
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#MyFirstName    mylogin,192.168.1.12
#MyOtherNames   logon\d+
 
# Tachtler
Klaus Tachtler  klaus

SquidAnalyzer - cron-job

Unter nachfolgendem Verzeichnis mit nachfolgendem Namen

  • /etc/cron.daily/0squidanalyzer

ist ein cron-Job installiert worden, welcher nachfolgenden Inhalt aufweist:

#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/squid-analyzer

Um den cron-Job von täglich auf stündlich zu verändern, kann dieser cron-Job mit nachfolgendem Befehl

  • vom Verzeichnis - /etc/cron.daily/
  • in das Verzeichnis - /etc/cron.hourly/

kopiert werden, um eine stündliche Ausführung zu realisieren:

# mv /etc/cron.daily/0squidanalyzer /etc/cron.hourly/

SquidAnalyzer - Test

Um das Perl-Script testweise einmalig händisch auszuführen, kann nachfolgendem Befehl zur Anwendung kommen:

# /usr/bin/squid-analyzer /var/log/squid/access.*
Compute and dump year statistics for 2015
DEBUG: the log statistics gathering took: 1 wallclock secs ( 0.13 usr  0.03 sys +  0.02 cusr  0.02 csys =  0.20 CPU)
DEBUG: generating HTML output took: 0 wallclock secs ( 0.20 usr +  0.04 sys =  0.24 CPU)
DEBUG: total execution time: 1 wallclock secs ( 0.33 usr  0.07 sys +  0.02 cusr  0.02 csys =  0.44 CPU)

Nach der Ausführung des oben genannten Befehls, kann mit nachfolgendem Befehl, die korrekte Erstellung der benötigten Komponenten des SquidAnalyzer überprüft werden:

VORHER:

# ls -la /var/www/squidanalyzer/
total 128
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root     78 May  2 09:05 .
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root     63 May  2 08:15 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 102194 Apr 30 17:17 flotr2.js
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    138 May  2 08:15 images
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  17262 Apr 30 17:17 sorttable.js
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   7604 Apr 30 17:17 squidanalyzer.css

NACHHER:

# ls -la /var/www/squidanalyzer/
total 140
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root    134 May  2 09:08 .
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root     63 May  2 08:15 ..
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root   4096 May  2 09:08 2015
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 102194 Apr 30 17:17 flotr2.js
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root    138 May  2 08:15 images
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   3008 May  2 09:08 index.html
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  17262 Apr 30 17:17 sorttable.js
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   7604 Apr 30 17:17 squidanalyzer.css
-rw-r--r--   1 root root     20 May  2 09:08 SquidAnalyzer.current

Apache VHOST für SquidAnalyzer

Nachstehend soll ein möglicher virtueller Host welcher unter dem Apache HTTP Server realisiert werden kann für den Web-Anwendungsbereich des SquidAnalyzer als Beispiel dargestellt werden.

:!: HINWEIS - Ab der Version 6.6.1 hat sich der Pfad bzw. das Verzeichnis im dem die HTML-Dateien liegen von

  • ALT: /var/www/squidanalyzer

auf

  • NEU: /var/www/html/squidanalyzer

geändert!

Deshalb kann

  • a.) Der VHOST entsprechend angepasst werden
  • b.) Der Inhalt von /var/www/html/squidanalyzer nach var/www/squidanalyzer kopiert werden.

Nachfolgender Befehl kopiert bzw. hier verschiebt alle Dateien vom Verzeichnis /var/www/html/squidanalyzer in das Verzeichnis /var/www/squidanalyzer:

# cp -ar /var/www/html/squidanalyzer/* /var/www/squidanalyzer
# rm -rf /var/www/html/squidanalyzer

Nachfolgende Konfigurationsdatei in nachfolgendem Verzeichnis und mit nachfolgendem Namen

  • /etc/httpd/conf.d/squidanalyzer.conf

könnte wie folgt realisiert werden:

#
# squidanalyzer.tachtler.net (SquidAnalyzer)
#
<VirtualHost _default_:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@tachtler.net
        ServerName squidanalyzer.tachtler.net
        ServerAlias www.squidanalyzer.tachtler.net
        ServerPath /
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/squidanalyzer"
        <Directory "/var/www/squidanalyzer">
                Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
                # Tachtler (enable for .htaccess file support)
                # AllowOverride AuthConfig
                AllowOverride None
                # Tachtler (enable for unlimited access)
                Require all granted
        </Directory>
 
        DirectoryIndex index.html
 
        ErrorLog logs/squidanalyzer_error.log
        CustomLog logs/squidanalyzer_access.log combined 
</VirtualHost>

Ein Aufruf kann dann über die URL http://www.squidanalyzer.tachtler.net erfolgen!

SquidAnalyzer - Start

e2guardian-Konfiguration

Falls der Squid Proxy-Server hinter einem E2guardian Content-Filter betrieben wird, ist die Ermittlung der tatsächlichen IP-Adresse eines anfragenden Clients mit den Einstellungen unter nachfolgendem internen Link

ZWINGEND erforderlich, da sonst der Squid Proxy-Server NUR die IP-Adresse des E2guardian Content-Filters mitgeteilt bekommen würde und so viele der auf einer IP-Adresse oder eines Netzwerks basierende ACL nicht greifen würden!

Zur Konfiguration des E2guardian Content Filter -Servers, kann nachfolgender interner Link genutzt werden:

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tachtler/squid_centos_7.txt · Zuletzt geändert: 2017/10/19 16:45 von klaus